Centre of Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta.
Chemistry. 2018 Apr 6;24(20):5032-5041. doi: 10.1002/chem.201704561. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
Natural as well as synthetic antioxidants are constantly being investigated for their efficiency in combatting the effects of oxidative stress, which appears to be the responsible cause of several diseases, including cancer, central nervous system disorders, ischaemia-reperfusion disorders, cardiovascular conditions, and diabetes. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) constitute the ubiquitous antioxidant defences against oxidative stress that underlies numerous pathological conditions. Therefore, the development of therapeutics aimed at either delivering MnSOD more effectively to target tissues in the body in the form of MnSOD gene therapy, or the synthesis of molecules that mimic the activity of superoxide dismutase is constantly being explored. Classes that have been developed as SOD mimetics include the Mn-metalloporphyrins, Mn-cyclic polyamines, Mn-salen complexes, MnPLED derivatives as well as the nitroxides. Thus far, SOD mimetics have shown remarkable efficacy in several animal models suffering from oxidative stress injuries. A promising approach for the future of SOD and SOD mimic therapeutics appears to involve combination treatment of the antioxidants with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
天然和合成抗氧化剂不断被研究其在对抗氧化应激的有效性，氧化应激似乎是几种疾病的致病原因，包括癌症、中枢神经系统紊乱、缺血再灌注紊乱、心血管疾病和糖尿病。超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 是针对多种病理条件下基础的氧化应激的普遍抗氧化防御机制。因此，旨在通过 MnSOD 基因治疗将 MnSOD 更有效地递送到体内靶组织的治疗方法，或合成模拟超氧化物歧化酶活性的分子的发展一直在探索中。作为 SOD 模拟物开发的类别包括 Mn-金属卟啉、Mn-环状多胺、Mn-席夫碱配合物、MnPLED 衍生物以及氮氧自由基。到目前为止，SOD 模拟物在几种患有氧化应激损伤的动物模型中显示出显著的疗效。SOD 和 SOD 模拟物治疗的未来有希望的方法似乎涉及将抗氧化剂与放射治疗或化学疗法联合治疗。
