Vallard Alexis, Rancoule Chloé, Guy Jean-Baptiste, Espenel Sophie, Sauvaigo Sylvie, Rodriguez-Lafrasse Claire, Magné Nicolas
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, , 108, bis avenue Albert-Raimond, BP60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez cedex, France; Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
LXRepair, Parvis-Louis-Néel, 38000 Grenoble, France.
Bull Cancer. 2017 Nov;104(11):981-987. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2017.09.004. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
The identification of DNA repair biomarkers is of paramount importance. Indeed, it is the first step in the process of modulating radiosensitivity and radioresistance. Unlike tools of detection and measurement of DNA damage, DNA repair biomarkers highlight the variations of DNA damage responses, depending on the dose and the dose rate. The aim of the present review is to describe the main biomarkers of radiation-induced DNA repair. We will focus on double strand breaks (DSB), because of their major role in radiation-induced cell death. The most important DNA repair biomarkers are DNA damage signaling proteins, with ATM, DNA-PKcs, 53BP1 and γ-H2AX. They can be analyzed either using immunostaining, or using lived cell imaging. However, to date, these techniques are still time and money consuming. The development of "omics" technologies should lead the way to new (and usable in daily routine) DNA repair biomarkers.
DNA修复生物标志物的识别至关重要。事实上，这是调节放射敏感性和放射抗性过程中的第一步。与DNA损伤的检测和测量工具不同，DNA修复生物标志物突出了DNA损伤反应的变化，这取决于剂量和剂量率。本综述的目的是描述辐射诱导DNA修复的主要生物标志物。由于双链断裂（DSB）在辐射诱导的细胞死亡中起主要作用，我们将重点关注双链断裂。最重要的DNA修复生物标志物是DNA损伤信号蛋白，包括ATM、DNA-PKcs、53BP1和γ-H2AX。它们可以通过免疫染色或活细胞成像进行分析。然而，迄今为止，这些技术仍然耗时且昂贵。“组学”技术的发展应该会引领新的（且可用于日常工作的）DNA修复生物标志物的出现。
