Policarpo Sara, Rodrigues Teresa, Moreira Ana Catarina, Valadas Emília
Serviço de Dietética e Nutrição, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal; Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Laboratorio de Biomatemática, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2017 Apr;18:31-36. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.01.008. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been associated to a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and a lower cardiovascular risk (CVR). Our aim was to assess HIV infected individual's adherence to the MedDiet and its relationship with nutritional status and CVR.
Clinical and anthropometric data were collected and a nutritional assessment was performed. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the questionnaire MedDietScore, ranging from 0 to 55, where higher scores indicated a higher adherence. CVR was estimated for each patient using the Framingham Risk Score (FRSs-CVD).
We included 571 individuals, mostly males (67.1%; n = 383). MedDiet adherence score was 27.5 ± 5.5 points. The proportion of overweight/obese individuals was 40.3% (n = 230) and MS 33.9% (n = 179); CVD estimation showed that 53.2% (n = 304), 30.1% (n = 172) and 16.6% (n = 95) of patients had a low, moderate and very high CVR, respectively. The group with BMI below 25 kg/m presented lower adherence to MedDiet and patients within moderate CVR category and with MS presented a higher adherence to MedDiet.
Overall we found a moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. A higher adherence was associated to individuals with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m, those with MS and to patients with moderate to high cardiovascular risk, suggesting the adoption of this food pattern in the presence of comorbidities.
地中海饮食（MedDiet）与较低的代谢综合征（MS）患病率和较低的心血管风险（CVR）相关。我们的目的是评估感染HIV个体对地中海饮食的依从性及其与营养状况和心血管风险的关系。
收集临床和人体测量数据，并进行营养评估。使用MedDietScore问卷评估对地中海饮食的依从性，分数范围为0至55，分数越高表明依从性越高。使用弗雷明汉风险评分（FRSs-CVD）为每位患者估算心血管风险。
我们纳入了571名个体，大多数为男性（67.1%；n = 383）。地中海饮食依从性评分为27.5 ± 5.5分。超重/肥胖个体的比例为40.3%（n = 230），代谢综合征患者为33.9%（n = 179）；心血管疾病评估显示，53.2%（n = 304）、30.1%（n = 172）和16.6%（n = 95）的患者心血管风险分别为低、中、高。体重指数（BMI）低于25kg/m²的组对地中海饮食的依从性较低，中度心血管风险组和患有代谢综合征的患者对地中海饮食的依从性较高。
总体而言，我们发现对地中海饮食的依从性中等。较高的依从性与BMI≥25kg/m²的个体、患有代谢综合征的个体以及中度至高度心血管风险的患者相关，这表明在存在合并症的情况下应采用这种饮食模式。
