Babio N, Bulló M, Basora J, Martínez-González M A, Fernández-Ballart J, Márquez-Sandoval F, Molina C, Salas-Salvadó J
Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Spain.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Oct;19(8):563-70. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.10.007. Epub 2009 Jan 26.
The role of diet in the aetiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and MetS.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 808 high cardiovascular risk participants of the Reus PREDIMED Centre. MetS was defined by the updated National Cholesterol and Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. An inverse association between quartiles of adherence to the MedDiet (14-point score) and the prevalence of MetS (P for trend<0.001) was observed. After adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, smoking status and physical activity, participants with the highest score of adherence to the MedDiet (>/=9 points) had the lowest odds ratio of having MetS (OR [95% CI] of 0.44 [0.27-0.70]) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Participants with the highest MedDiet adherence had 47 and 54% lower odds of having low HDL-c and hypertriglyceridemia MetS criteria, respectively, than those in the lowest quartile. Some components of the MedDiet, such as olive oil, legumes and red wine were associated with lower prevalence of MetS.
Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a significantly lower odds ratio of having MetS in a population with a high risk of cardiovascular disease.
饮食在代谢综合征（MetS）病因学中的作用尚未完全明确。本研究旨在评估坚持地中海饮食（MedDiet）与代谢综合征之间的关系。
对雷乌斯PREDIMED中心808名心血管疾病高危参与者进行了一项横断面研究。代谢综合征根据更新后的美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组第三次报告标准进行定义。观察到地中海饮食依从性四分位数（14分评分）与代谢综合征患病率之间呈负相关（趋势P<0.001）。在对年龄、性别、总能量摄入、吸烟状况和身体活动进行调整后，与最低四分位数的参与者相比，地中海饮食依从性得分最高（≥9分）的参与者患代谢综合征的比值比最低（比值比[95%置信区间]为0.44[0.27 - 0.70]）。地中海饮食依从性最高的参与者患低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高甘油三酯血症代谢综合征标准的几率分别比最低四分位数的参与者低47%和54%。地中海饮食的一些成分，如橄榄油、豆类和红酒，与较低的代谢综合征患病率相关。
在心血管疾病高危人群中，更高程度地坚持地中海饮食与患代谢综合征的比值比显著降低相关。
