Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, California.
Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, California.
Am J Prev Med. 2018 Jan;54(1):44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.08.022. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
This study examined whether increasing availability of mental health services at school-based health centers in Oregon public schools would be associated with a decrease in the likelihood of depressive episodes and suicide risk among adolescents.
The study included 168 Oregon public schools that participated in the Oregon Healthy Teens Survey in 2013 and 2015. Twenty-five schools had a school-based health center, and 14 of those schools increased the availability of mental health services from 2013 to 2015. The Oregon Healthy Teens Survey included questions about having a depressive episode, suicidal ideation, and attempting suicide in the past year. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted in 2017 to examine associations between increasing mental health services and the likelihood of past year depressive episodes, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Analyses also compared student subgroups defined by demographic characteristics (e.g., gender).
Students at school-based health center schools that increased availability of mental health services were less likely to report depressive episodes (OR=0.88, p<0.01), suicidal ideation (OR=0.84, p<0.01), and suicide attempts (OR=0.82, p<0.01) from 2013 to 2015 compared with all other schools. Significant risk reductions in past year depressive episodes and suicidal ideation were also observed in school-based health center schools that increased availability of mental health services relative to other schools with school-based health centers. No significant differences were observed for student demographic subgroups.
This study suggests that increasing availability of school-based mental health services can help to reduce depressive episodes and suicide risk among adolescents.
本研究旨在探讨俄勒冈州公立学校的校医心理健康服务增加是否与青少年抑郁发作和自杀风险降低有关。
本研究纳入了参加 2013 年和 2015 年俄勒冈健康青少年调查的 168 所俄勒冈州公立学校。其中 25 所学校配备了校医，其中 14 所学校在 2013 年至 2015 年间增加了心理健康服务的可及性。俄勒冈健康青少年调查包括了过去一年中是否出现抑郁发作、自杀意念和自杀企图的问题。2017 年进行了多水平逻辑回归分析，以检验心理健康服务增加与过去一年抑郁发作、自杀意念和自杀企图的可能性之间的关联。分析还比较了根据人口统计学特征（如性别）定义的学生亚组。
校医心理健康服务增加的校医学校的学生报告抑郁发作（OR=0.88，p<0.01）、自杀意念（OR=0.84，p<0.01）和自杀企图（OR=0.82，p<0.01）的可能性低于其他所有学校。与其他配备校医的学校相比，校医心理健康服务增加的校医学校的学生过去一年抑郁发作和自杀意念的风险也显著降低。但在校医心理健康服务增加的校医学校和其他配备校医的学校之间，未观察到学生人口统计学亚组的显著差异。
本研究表明，增加校医心理健康服务的可及性可以帮助降低青少年的抑郁发作和自杀风险。
