Respiratory Research Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Respiratory Research Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 May-Jun;6(3):803-811. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.09.028. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
Behavioral interventions focusing on exercise and healthy diet improve asthma control in obese patients with asthma, but whether these interventions can lead to improvements in nonobese patients remains unclear.
In a randomized, controlled parallel-group design, we studied the effects of an 8-week intervention of either exercise (high-intensity interval training), diet (high protein/low glycemic index), or a combination of the 2, on asthma control and clinical outcomes in nonobese patients with asthma.
Nonobese adult patients with asthma (n = 149) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups: an exercise group, a diet group, an exercise + diet group, or a control group. Outcomes included Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score, asthma-related quality-of-life (Asthma-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire [AQLQ]) score, inflammatory cell counts in induced sputum, FEV, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR).
A total of 125 patients completed the study and were included in the data analysis. Patients in the exercise + diet group improved the ACQ score from 1.9 ± 0.7 to 1.0 ± 0.7 and the AQLQ score from 5.2 ± 0.8 to 6.2 ± 0.7, which was statistically significant when compared with changes in the control group (P < .05 and <.01, respectively). The exercise group and the diet group did not improve either the ACQ score or the AQLQ score significantly compared with the control group and there were no significant changes in sputum cell counts, FEV, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, or AHR within any groups following the intervention period.
The combination of exercise and diet improves asthma control in nonobese patients, but does not affect AHR or airway inflammation.
针对运动和健康饮食的行为干预措施可改善肥胖哮喘患者的哮喘控制，但这些干预措施是否能改善非肥胖患者的病情尚不清楚。
在一项随机对照平行组设计中，我们研究了 8 周的运动（高强度间歇训练）、饮食（高蛋白/低血糖指数）或两者联合干预对非肥胖哮喘患者的哮喘控制和临床结局的影响。
非肥胖成年哮喘患者（n=149）被随机分为 4 组：运动组、饮食组、运动+饮食组或对照组。结局指标包括哮喘控制问卷（ACQ）评分、哮喘相关生活质量（哮喘相关生活质量问卷 [AQLQ]）评分、诱导痰中炎性细胞计数、FEV、呼气一氧化氮分数和气道高反应性（AHR）。
共有 125 例患者完成了研究并纳入数据分析。运动+饮食组患者的 ACQ 评分从 1.9±0.7 降至 1.0±0.7，AQLQ 评分从 5.2±0.8 升至 6.2±0.7，与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P<0.05 和 P<0.01）。与对照组相比，运动组和饮食组的 ACQ 评分或 AQLQ 评分均无明显改善，且干预后各组的痰细胞计数、FEV、呼气一氧化氮分数或 AHR 均无明显变化。
运动和饮食的联合可改善非肥胖哮喘患者的哮喘控制，但对 AHR 或气道炎症无影响。
