美国成人哮喘与膳食总能量摄入之间的关联：一项来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的回顾性横断面分析

The association between adult asthma in the United States and dietary total energy intake: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis from NHANES.

作者信息

Cao Xianghua, Lu Tong, Tu Yunyun, Zhou Rongguan, Li Xueping, Du Linjun

机构信息

Dongguan Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Enhanced Recovery after surgery, Department of Anesthesiology, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, China.

Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong Province, China.

出版信息

BMC Nutr. 2024 Sep 27;10(1):128. doi: 10.1186/s40795-024-00938-7.

DOI:10.1186/s40795-024-00938-7

PMID:39334497

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11437793/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Epidemiological research links asthma progression to dietary nonallergic factors, particularly high-calorie intake. However, evidence supporting the relationship with total dietary calorie consumption remains scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the potential correlation between asthma occurrence and total dietary energy intake.

METHODS

A retrospective cross-sectional study of 21,354 US adults collected comprehensive participant data, including demographics, blood parameters, fatty acids, zinc, fiber intake, and asthma outcomes. Statistical analyses included interaction effects analysis, smooth curve fitting, and logistic regression.

RESULTS

Of 21,354 participants, 14.77% self-reported asthma diagnosis. After adjusting for confounders, odds ratios (OR) for asthma decreased with higher energy intake: Q2 (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69-0.86, p < .001), Q3 (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.59-0.75, p < .001), and Q4 (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.53-0.69, p < .001) compared to Q1 (< 17.73 kcal/kg/day). A non-linear (L-shaped) association between energy intake and asthma was observed (p < .001), with a critical threshold around 24 kcal/kg/day, supported by subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

CONCLUSION

This study reveals an L-shaped trend between total energy intake and asthma in US adults, with a significant threshold at approximately 24 kcal/kg/day.

摘要

背景

流行病学研究将哮喘进展与饮食中的非过敏因素联系起来，尤其是高热量摄入。然而，支持与总膳食热量消耗之间关系的证据仍然很少。

目的

本研究旨在探讨哮喘发生与总膳食能量摄入之间的潜在相关性。

方法

对21354名美国成年人进行回顾性横断面研究，收集了全面的参与者数据，包括人口统计学、血液参数、脂肪酸、锌、纤维摄入量和哮喘结局。统计分析包括交互作用分析、平滑曲线拟合和逻辑回归。

结果

在21354名参与者中，14.77%的人自我报告有哮喘诊断。在调整混杂因素后，哮喘的优势比（OR）随着能量摄入的增加而降低：与第一四分位数（<17.73千卡/千克/天）相比，第二四分位数（OR = 0.77，95%置信区间：0.69 - 0.86，p <.001）、第三四分位数（OR = 0.66，95%置信区间：0.59 - 0.75，p <.001）和第四四分位数（OR = 0.61，95%置信区间：0.53 - 0.69，p <.001）。观察到能量摄入与哮喘之间存在非线性（L形）关联（p <.001），亚组分析和敏感性分析支持在约24千卡/千克/天左右存在临界阈值。