Maddison Wayne P, Evans Samuel C, Hamilton Chris A, Bond Jason E, Lemmon Alan R, Lemmon Emily Moriarty
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Zookeys. 2017 Sep 4(695):89-101. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.695.13852. eCollection 2017.
We present the first genome-wide molecular phylogeny of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), inferred from Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) sequence data. From 12 outgroups plus 34 salticid taxa representing all but one subfamily and most major groups recognized in previous work, we obtained 447 loci totalling 96,946 aligned nucleotide sites. Our analyses using concatenated likelihood, parsimony, and coalescent methods (ASTRAL and SVDQuartets) strongly confirm most previous results, resolving as monophyletic the Spartaeinae, Salticinae (with the hisponines sister), Salticoida, Amycoida, Saltafresia, and Simonida. The agoriines, previously difficult to place beyond subfamily, are finally placed confidently within the saltafresians as relatives of the chrysillines and hasariines. Relationships among the baviines, astioids, marpissoids, and saltafresians remain uncertain, though our analyses tentatively conclude the first three form a clade together. Deep relationships, among the seven subfamilies, appear to be largely resolved, with spartaeines, lyssomanines, and asemoneines forming a clade. In most analyses, (representing the onomastines) is strongly supported as sister to the hisponines plus salticines. Overall, the much-improved resolution of many deep relationships despite a relatively sparse taxon sample suggests AHE is a promising technique for salticid phylogenetics.
我们展示了从锚定杂交富集（AHE）序列数据推断出的跳蛛（蜘蛛目：跳蛛科）首个全基因组分子系统发育树。从12个外类群加上34个跳蛛科分类单元（代表了除一个亚科外的所有类群以及先前研究中认可的大多数主要类群）中，我们获得了447个基因座，总计96,946个比对后的核苷酸位点。我们使用串联似然法、简约法和合并方法（ASTRAL和SVDQuartets）进行的分析有力地证实了先前的大多数结果，确定以下类群为单系类群：姬蛛亚科、蝇虎亚科（希氏蝇虎族为姐妹群）、蝇虎总科、艾蛛总科、盐滩蛛总科和西蒙蛛总科。以前难以在亚科级别以上确定位置的阿戈里蛛族，最终被可靠地置于盐滩蛛总科内，作为金蛛族和哈萨蛛族的近亲。巴维蛛族、阿斯蒂蛛族、马尔皮斯蛛族和盐滩蛛总科之间的关系仍然不确定，不过我们的分析初步得出前三个族共同构成一个分支的结论。七个亚科之间的深层关系似乎在很大程度上已得到解决，其中姬蛛族、吕宋蛛族和阿塞莫蛛族构成一个分支。在大多数分析中，（代表奥诺马斯蛛族）被强烈支持为希氏蝇虎族和蝇虎族的姐妹群。总体而言，尽管分类单元样本相对较少，但许多深层关系的分辨率有了很大提高，这表明AHE是一种用于跳蛛科系统发育研究的有前景的技术。
