Kovaleva L V, Voronkov A S, Zakharova E V, Andreev I M
Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
State Humanitarian-Technological University, Zelenaya St. 22, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, 142611, Russia.
Protoplasma. 2018 May;255(3):751-759. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1185-x. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
The formation of fertile male gametophyte is known to require timely degeneration of polyfunctional tapetum tissue. The last process caused by the programmed cell death (PCD) is a part of the anther program maturation which leads to sequential anther tissue destruction coordinated with pollen differentiation. In the present work, distribution of abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in developing anthers of male-fertile and male-sterile lines of petunia (Petunia hybrida L.) was analyzed by using the immunohistochemical method. It was established that the development of fertile male gametophyte was accompanied by monotonous elevation of ABA and IAA levels in reproductive cells and, in contrast, their monotonous lowering in tapetum cells and the middle layers. Abortion of microsporocytes in the meiosis prophase in the sterile line caused by premature tapetum degeneration along with complete maintenance of the middle layers was accompanied by dramatic, twofold elevation in the levels of both the phytohormones in reproductive cells. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that at the meiosis stage ABA and IAA are involved in the PCD of microsporocytes.
已知可育雄性配子体的形成需要多功能绒毡层组织及时退化。由程序性细胞死亡（PCD）引发的最后一个过程是花药程序成熟的一部分，该过程会导致花药组织顺序性破坏，并与花粉分化相协调。在本研究中，利用免疫组织化学方法分析了脱落酸（ABA）和吲哚 - 3 - 乙酸（IAA）在矮牵牛（Petunia hybrida L.）雄性可育系和雄性不育系发育中的花药中的分布。结果表明，可育雄性配子体的发育伴随着生殖细胞中ABA和IAA水平的持续升高，相反，绒毡层细胞和中层细胞中的这两种激素水平则持续降低。不育系减数分裂前期小孢子母细胞的败育是由绒毡层过早退化以及中层细胞完全保留所导致的，同时生殖细胞中这两种植物激素的水平急剧升高了两倍。所获得的数据使我们能够得出结论，在减数分裂阶段，ABA和IAA参与了小孢子母细胞的程序性细胞死亡。
