Department of Aviation and Technology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States; RiSA(2)S Research Center, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States.
RiSA(2)S Research Center, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2018 Jan;110:136-148. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology is quickly becoming a reality on US roads. Testing on public roads is currently undergoing, with many AV makers located and testing in Silicon Valley, California. The California Department of Motor Vehicles (CA DMV) currently mandates that any vehicle tested on California public roads be retrofitted to account for a back-up human driver, and that data related to disengagements of the AV technology be publicly available. Disengagements data is analyzed in this work, given the safety-critical role of AV disengagements, which require the control of the vehicle to be handed back to the human driver in a safe and timely manner. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the fragmented data obtained from AV manufacturers testing on California public roads from 2014 to 2017. Trends of disengagement reporting, associated frequencies, average mileage driven before failure, and an analysis of triggers and contributory factors are here presented. The analysis of the disengagements data also highlights several shortcomings of the current regulations. The results presented thus constitute an important starting point for improvements on the current drafts of the testing and deployment regulations for autonomous vehicles on public roads.
自动驾驶汽车（AV）技术正在迅速成为美国道路上的现实。目前正在公共道路上进行测试，许多自动驾驶汽车制造商位于加利福尼亚州硅谷，并在那里进行测试。加州机动车辆管理局（CA DMV）目前规定，在加利福尼亚公共道路上测试的任何车辆都必须进行改装，以考虑到后备人工驾驶员，并且与自动驾驶技术脱离相关的数据必须公开。鉴于自动驾驶脱离在安全关键方面的作用，需要安全、及时地将车辆控制权交还给人类驾驶员，因此对脱离数据进行了分析。本研究提供了 2014 年至 2017 年在加利福尼亚公共道路上测试的自动驾驶汽车制造商获得的零散数据的全面概述。报告脱离的趋势、相关频率、故障前平均行驶里程以及对触发因素和促成因素的分析均在此呈现。对脱离数据的分析还突出了当前法规的几个缺陷。因此，提出的结果构成了对自动驾驶汽车在公共道路上的测试和部署法规当前草案进行改进的重要起点。
