Grupo de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
Infect Genet Evol. 2017 Dec;56:143-151. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.11.011. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
This study evaluated the influence of environmental heterogeneity on Anopheles darlingi genetic and morphometric traits at a microgeographic level. Specimens of An. darlingi collected from multiple municipalities in the Colombian malaria endemic region Urabá-Bajo Cauca and Alto Sinú (UCS) were analyzed using 13 microsatellite loci. Spatial genetic structure, population variation and wing geometric morphometric analyses were performed. Microsatellite results showed low genetic differentiation and high gene flow among populations; four highly admixed subpopulations were detected with no particular association to the municipalities. Wing geometric morphometrics analysis showed a subtle but significant difference in wing shape for El Bagre vs. Mutatá populations, possibly influenced by geographical distance. Discrimination among populations in the morphospace showed a slight separation of the Tierralta population. There was no significant correlation between the genetic and geographic or genetic and environmental distances. We hypothesize that environmental heterogeneity in the UCS region does not reach a threshold to affect population structure of An. darlingi. Another possibility is that microsatellites are not sensitive enough to detect existing structure. It remains to be determined which local factors govern phenotypic variation among these populations and how, or whether these may affect mosquito biology and transmission capacity.
本研究评估了环境异质性对微小地理尺度下致倦库蚊遗传和形态特征的影响。使用 13 个微卫星标记对来自哥伦比亚疟疾流行区乌拉瓦-下考卡和上辛努（UCS）多个城市的致倦库蚊标本进行了分析。进行了空间遗传结构、种群变异和翅膀几何形态分析。微卫星结果显示种群间遗传分化低，基因流高；检测到四个高度混合的亚种群，但与城市没有特定关联。翅膀几何形态分析显示，El Bagre 与 Mutatá 种群的翅膀形状存在细微但显著的差异，可能受地理距离的影响。在形态空间中对种群进行区分，显示 Tierralta 种群略有分离。遗传距离与地理距离或遗传距离与环境距离之间没有显著相关性。我们假设 UCS 地区的环境异质性没有达到影响致倦库蚊种群结构的阈值。另一种可能性是微卫星不够敏感，无法检测到现有的结构。仍需确定哪些地方因素控制着这些种群之间的表型变异，以及这些因素如何影响蚊子的生物学和传播能力。
