Kenealy P
Behav Res Ther. 1989;27(1):27-34. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(89)90116-2.
Rippere (1974-1983) has investigated adults' commonsense beliefs concerning behavioural strategies for coping with depression. The study report here was concerned with the developmental aspects of the concept of 'common knowledge'. It was designed in order to investigate, through conversations with children of various ages, the hypothesis that children may possess a common knowledge concerning the 'things to do' when they are feeling depressed. 120 children distributed across seven age groups (ranging from 4-11 yr) were asked in an open-ended interview "What's the thing to do when you're feeling depressed?". Their responses were subjected to frequency counts and content analysis. Content analysis of the data indicated that 50% of all responses mentioned 'Play' strategies, 12% mentioned 'Help and comfort seeking', and 11% mentioned 'avoidance' activities. There was an inverse relationship between the frequency with which items were mentioned and the number of items mentioned at that frequency. This finding supports the notion of the existence of a canon of commonsense 'things to do' when feeling unhappy, and accords well with the findings of Rippere.
里佩尔（1974 - 1983）研究了成年人对于应对抑郁的行为策略的常识性信念。此处报告的研究关注“常识”概念的发展方面。其设计目的是通过与不同年龄段的儿童交谈，来探究儿童在感到抑郁时可能拥有关于“该做之事”的常识这一假设。在一次开放式访谈中，询问了分布在七个年龄组（4至11岁）的120名儿童：“当你感到抑郁时该做什么？”。他们的回答进行了频次统计和内容分析。数据的内容分析表明，所有回答中有50%提到了“玩耍”策略，12%提到了“寻求帮助和安慰”，11%提到了“回避”活动。所提及项目的频次与该频次下提及的项目数量之间存在反比关系。这一发现支持了在不开心时存在常识性“该做之事”准则的观点，并且与里佩尔的研究结果相符。
