Chattha Hassan S, Corscadden Kenneth W, Zaman Qamar U
Dalhousie University.
J Agric Saf Health. 2017 Jul 31;23(3):155-174. doi: 10.13031/jash.11959.
Agriculture is one of the most hazardous industries worldwide. The number of serious accidents on farms, despite sophisticated technology, development of effective prevention methods, and high-quality training and improved skill levels of farmers, is still very high. The purpose of this study was to develop and apply a generic farm safety protocol to hazards that have been identified in previously published literature and demonstrate the potential benefits of such a protocol with a view to raising awareness of farm safety. Hazards in agriculture were categorized, and literature highlighting the risks associated with hazards was collated. A protocol was developed and applied to establish the likelihood of a hazard causing injury and the consequence of that injury should adverse effects of hazards be realized. The results indicated farm ownership, farm being used as a primary residence, and missing rollover protective structures as the greatest farm risks with expected likelihood and extreme consequence such as death or permanent disablement. Other hazards that require immediate attention while developing mitigation strategies include accident history and existing medical conditions of the farmer, working environment (i.e., alone and isolated), water bodies in the proximity of the farm, lack of periodic machine maintenance, uncovered power take-off and other rotating parts of the tractor, missing safety decals, auger entanglements, and unprotected use of pesticides. Intervention strategies may be guided by considering the results presented in this study. Moreover, farm safety specialists should increase their efforts to promote effective injury prevention methods and enforce safe work environments. The developed protocol addresses almost all common aspects of farming hazards and can be used to mitigate risks associated with hazards in any farm setting.
农业是全球最危险的行业之一。尽管有先进的技术、有效的预防方法的发展以及农民高质量的培训和技能水平的提高，但农场严重事故的数量仍然很高。本研究的目的是制定并应用一种通用的农场安全协议，以应对先前发表的文献中已识别出的危害，并展示该协议的潜在益处，以期提高对农场安全的认识。对农业中的危害进行了分类，并整理了强调与这些危害相关风险的文献。制定并应用了一种协议，以确定危害导致伤害的可能性以及如果危害的不利影响得以实现该伤害的后果。结果表明，农场所有权、用作主要住所的农场以及缺少翻车保护结构是最大的农场风险，具有预期的可能性和诸如死亡或永久残疾等极端后果。在制定缓解策略时需要立即关注的其他危害包括农民的事故历史和现有医疗状况、工作环境（即独自且孤立）、农场附近的水体、缺乏定期的机器维护、拖拉机未覆盖的动力输出轴和其他旋转部件、缺少安全标识、螺旋钻缠绕以及农药的无防护使用。干预策略可参考本研究呈现的结果来制定。此外，农场安全专家应加大力度推广有效的伤害预防方法并营造安全的工作环境。所制定的协议涵盖了农业危害几乎所有常见方面，可用于减轻任何农场环境中与危害相关的风险。
