混合浆果饮料对认知功能和心脏代谢风险标志物的影响；一项针对健康老年人的随机交叉研究。
Effects of a mixed berry beverage on cognitive functions and cardiometabolic risk markers; A randomized cross-over study in healthy older adults.
作者信息
Nilsson Anne, Salo Ilkka, Plaza Merichel, Björck Inger
机构信息
Food for Health Science Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2017 Nov 15;12(11):e0188173. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188173. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
Berries and associated bioactive compounds, e.g. polyphenols and dietary fibre (DF), may have beneficial implications with respect to the metabolic syndrome, including also cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects on cognitive functions and cardiometabolic risk markers of 5 wk intervention with a mixture of berries, in healthy humans.
METHODS
Forty healthy subjects between 50-70 years old were provided a berry beverage based on a mixture of berries (150g blueberries, 50g blackcurrant, 50g elderberry, 50g lingonberries, 50g strawberry, and 100g tomatoes) or a control beverage, daily during 5 weeks in a randomized crossover design. The control beverage (water based) was matched with respect to monosaccharides, pH, and volume. Cognitive tests included tests of working memory capacity, selective attention, and psychomotor reaction time. Cardiometabolic test variables investigated were blood pressure, fasting blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, blood lipids, inflammatory markers, and markers of oxidative stress.
RESULTS
The daily amounts of total polyphenols and DF from the berry beverage were 795 mg and 11g, respectively. There were no polyphenols or DF in the control beverage. The berry intervention reduced total- and LDL cholesterol compared to baseline (both P<0.05), and in comparison to the control beverage (P<0.005 and P<0.01, respectively). The control beverage increased glucose concentrations (P<0.01) and tended to increase insulin concentrations (P = 0.064) from base line, and increased insulin concentrations in comparison to the berry beverage (P<0.05). Subjects performed better in the working memory test after the berry beverage compared to after the control beverage (P<0.05). No significant effects on the other test variables were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
The improvements in cardiometabolic risk markers and cognitive performance after the berry beverage suggest preventive potential of berries with respect to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and associated cognitive decline. Possibly the polyphenols and DF contributed to the beneficial effects.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01562392.
背景
浆果及其相关生物活性化合物，如多酚和膳食纤维（DF），可能对代谢综合征包括认知功能具有有益影响。本研究旨在评估在健康人群中，5周饮用混合浆果饮料对认知功能和心脏代谢风险标志物的影响。
方法
40名年龄在50至70岁之间的健康受试者，采用随机交叉设计，在5周内每天饮用一种基于混合浆果（150克蓝莓、50克黑加仑、50克接骨木果、50克越橘、50克草莓和100克番茄）的浆果饮料或对照饮料。对照饮料（以水为基础）在单糖、pH值和体积方面进行了匹配。认知测试包括工作记忆容量、选择性注意力和心理运动反应时间测试。所研究的心脏代谢测试变量包括血压、空腹血糖、胰岛素、血脂、炎症标志物和氧化应激标志物的血液浓度。
结果
浆果饮料中总多酚和DF的每日含量分别为795毫克和11克。对照饮料中不含多酚或DF。与基线相比，浆果干预降低了总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（均P<0.05），与对照饮料相比（分别为P<0.005和P<0.01）。对照饮料使血糖浓度从基线水平升高（P<0.01），胰岛素浓度有升高趋势（P = 0.064），与浆果饮料相比胰岛素浓度升高（P<0.05）。与饮用对照饮料后相比，饮用浆果饮料后受试者在工作记忆测试中的表现更好（P<0.05）。未观察到对其他测试变量有显著影响。
结论
饮用浆果饮料后心脏代谢风险标志物和认知表现的改善表明，浆果对2型糖尿病、心血管疾病及相关认知衰退具有预防潜力。可能是多酚和DF产生了有益作用。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT01562392。
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