Carretón Elena, Morchón Rodrigo, Montoya-Alonso José Alberto
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413-Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain.
Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca(IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Parasit Vectors. 2017 Nov 9;10(Suppl 2):534. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2448-2.
In heartworm disease, several biomarkers of cardiopulmonary injury and inflammatory activity have been studied during the recent years. D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product present after a clot is degraded, which has been reported to provide support for the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism in heartworm disease. Furthermore, concentrations increment with increased disease severity and during the adulticide treatment. This increase in concentration has proved to be valuable. Cardiac biomarkers troponin I, myoglobin and NT-proBNP demonstrated presence of myocardial injury and heart failure, especially in chronic infections, which in some cases, slightly improve after the adulticide treatment. An acute phase response in dogs with Dirofilaria immitis, characterized by variations of acute phase proteins (APP), has been reported, indicating inflammatory processes that could contribute to disease progression. Among them, C-reactive protein (CRP) increases according to the severity of the disease; and a strong correlation between pulmonary hypertension and CRP has been observed. In cats, little work has been done to ascertain the utility of these biomarkers in feline heartworm; the only published study in D. immitis-seropositive cats reported significantly higher concentrations in positive APP serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin.
近年来，人们对心丝虫病中心肺损伤及炎症活动的几种生物标志物进行了研究。D - 二聚体是血栓降解后出现的纤维蛋白降解产物，据报道它可为心丝虫病中肺血栓栓塞的诊断提供支持。此外，其浓度会随着疾病严重程度的增加以及成虫icide治疗期间而升高。这种浓度的增加已被证明具有重要价值。心脏生物标志物肌钙蛋白I、肌红蛋白和NT - proBNP表明存在心肌损伤和心力衰竭，尤其是在慢性感染中，在某些情况下，成虫icide治疗后会稍有改善。据报道，感染犬恶丝虫的犬会出现急性期反应，其特征是急性期蛋白（APP）发生变化，这表明炎症过程可能促使疾病进展。其中，C反应蛋白（CRP）会根据疾病严重程度升高；并且已观察到肺动脉高压与CRP之间存在强相关性。在猫中，关于确定这些生物标志物在猫心丝虫病中的效用的研究较少；唯一一项关于犬恶丝虫血清阳性猫的已发表研究报告称，阳性猫的APP血清淀粉样蛋白A、触珠蛋白和铜蓝蛋白浓度显著更高。
