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地中海中的麻痹性贝类毒素和蓝藻毒素:来自意大利撒丁岛和西西里岛的新数据

Paralytic Shellfish Toxins and Cyanotoxins in the Mediterranean: New Data from Sardinia and Sicily (Italy).

作者信息

Lugliè Antonella, Giacobbe Maria Grazia, Riccardi Elena, Bruno Milena, Pigozzi Silvia, Mariani Maria Antonietta, Satta Cecilia Teodora, Stacca Daniela, Bazzoni Anna Maria, Caddeo Tiziana, Farina Pasqualina, Padedda Bachisio Mario, Pulina Silvia, Sechi Nicola, Milandri Anna

机构信息

Dipartimento di Architettura, Design e Urbanistica, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy.

Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, CNR, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy.

出版信息

Microorganisms. 2017 Nov 16;5(4):72. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms5040072.

Abstract

Harmful algal blooms represent a severe issue worldwide. They affect ecosystem functions and related services and goods, with consequences on human health and socio-economic activities. This study reports new data on paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) from Sardinia and Sicily (Italy), the largest Mediterranean islands where toxic events, mainly caused by Alexandrium species (Dinophyceae), have been ascertained in mussel farms since the 2000s. The toxicity of the A. minutum, A. tamarense and A. pacificum strains, established from the isolation of vegetative cells and resting cysts, was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analyses indicated the highest toxicity for A. pacificum strains (total PSTs up to 17.811 fmol cell-1). The PSTs were also assessed in a strain of A. tamarense. The results encourage further investigation to increase the knowledge of toxic species still debated in the Mediterranean. This study also reports new data on microcystins (MCs) and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) from a Sardinian artificial lake (Lake Bidighinzu). The presence of MCs and BMAA was assessed in natural samples and in cell cultures by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BMAA positives were found in all the analysed samples with a maximum of 17.84 µg L-1. The obtained results added further information on cyanotoxins in Mediterranean reservoirs, particularly BMAA, which have not yet been thoroughly investigated.

摘要

有害藻华是一个全球性的严重问题。它们影响生态系统功能以及相关的服务和产品,对人类健康和社会经济活动产生影响。本研究报告了来自意大利撒丁岛和西西里岛(地中海最大的岛屿)的麻痹性贝类毒素(PSTs)的新数据,自21世纪以来,在这些岛屿的贻贝养殖场已确定发生了主要由亚历山大藻属(甲藻纲)引起的有毒事件。通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定了从营养细胞和休眠孢囊中分离出的微小亚历山大藻、塔玛亚历山大藻和太平洋亚历山大藻菌株的毒性。分析表明太平洋亚历山大藻菌株的毒性最高(总PSTs高达17.811 fmol细胞-1)。还对一株塔玛亚历山大藻中的PSTs进行了评估。这些结果鼓励进一步开展研究,以增进对在地中海地区仍存在争议的有毒物种的了解。本研究还报告了来自撒丁岛一个人工湖(比迪金祖湖)的微囊藻毒素(MCs)和β-N-甲基氨基-L-丙氨酸(BMAA)的新数据。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)评估了天然样品和细胞培养物中MCs和BMAA的存在情况。在所有分析样品中均发现了BMAA阳性,最高含量为17.84 µg L-1。所得结果为地中海水库中的蓝藻毒素,特别是尚未得到充分研究的BMAA,增添了更多信息。

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