Redman Jason M, Gulley James L, Madan Ravi A
Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Urol Oncol. 2017 Dec;35(12):694-700. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.09.024.
Sipuleucel-T, a therapeutic dendritic-cell vaccine, was Food and Drug Administration-approved for prostate cancer in 2010. No new immunotherapies for prostate cancer have been approved since. However, novel agents and combination approaches offer great promise for improving outcomes for prostate cancer patients. Here we review the latest developments in immunotherapy for prostate cancer. Sipuleucel-T has demonstrated a survival advantage of 4.1 months in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. PSA-TRICOM (PROSTVAC), a prostate-specific antigen-targeted vaccine platform, showed evidence of clinical and immunologic efficacy in early-phase clinical trials, and results from a phase III trial in advanced disease are pending. While immune checkpoint inhibitors appear to have modest activity as monotherapy, preclinical and clinical data suggest that they may synergize with vaccines, poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase inhibitors, and other agents. Several clinical studies that combine these therapies are underway. Combining prostate cancer vaccines with immune checkpoint inhibitors has great potential for improving clinical outcomes in prostate cancer. Such combination approaches may create and then recruit tumor-specific T cells to tumor while also increasing their effector function. Other emerging agents may also enhance immune-mediated tumor destruction.
西妥昔单抗-T，一种治疗性树突状细胞疫苗，于2010年获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于前列腺癌治疗。自那以后，尚无新的前列腺癌免疫疗法获批。然而，新型药物和联合治疗方法为改善前列腺癌患者的治疗效果带来了巨大希望。在此，我们综述前列腺癌免疫治疗的最新进展。西妥昔单抗-T已在转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌中显示出4.1个月的生存优势。PSA-TRICOM（PROSTVAC），一种前列腺特异性抗原靶向疫苗平台，在早期临床试验中显示出临床和免疫疗效证据，晚期疾病的III期试验结果尚未公布。虽然免疫检查点抑制剂作为单一疗法似乎活性有限，但临床前和临床数据表明它们可能与疫苗、聚[ADP-核糖]聚合酶抑制剂及其他药物协同作用。几项联合这些疗法的临床研究正在进行中。将前列腺癌疫苗与免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用在改善前列腺癌临床结局方面具有巨大潜力。这种联合治疗方法可能会产生并募集肿瘤特异性T细胞至肿瘤部位，同时还能增强其效应功能。其他新兴药物也可能增强免疫介导的肿瘤破坏作用。
