Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Laishan Branch of Yuhuangding Hospital, Gangcheng East Street 1181, Yantai 264000, China.
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yuhuangding Donglu 20, Yantai 264000, China.
Microb Pathog. 2017 Dec;113:365-371. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.11.018. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
Chronic pharyngitis, a common inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa, is often caused by bacteria, viruses, alcohol abuse, overuse of the voice and cigarettes. This study aimed to explore the effects of polysaccharides of Citrus grandis L. Osbeck (PCG) in relieving chronic pharyngitis and illustrate the underlying mechanisms. Polysaccharides were obtained from PCG by column chromatographic extraction. Six clinical symptom scores, such as the severity of itchy throat, hoarseness, pain, odynophagia, cough and otalgia were evaluated in chronic pharyngitis patients after the oral intake of PCG. The effects of polysaccharides on chronic pharyngitis were investigated in ammonia-stimulated rabbits through pathology analysis. The levels of inflammatory markers in the peripheral blood T cells were analyzed by ELISA. The total and phosphorylated levels of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 were assessed by Western blot. Protein amount of IKKα and p65, IKKα/β activity and p65 activity were evaluated by Western blot and luciferase assay. The clinical studies presented that PCG significantly relieved the six symptoms of chronic pharyngitis patients. Pathology analysis of chronic pharyngitis animals showed that the PCG treatment groups showed a significant decrease in the number of pathologic cells and the reduction of pathologic cells was dose-dependent (p < 0.01). ELISA analysis showed that PCG significantly inhibited the αCD3-induced increase of IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Western blot and luciferase assay suggested that the phosphorylation of IKKα/β in peripheral blood T cells was inhibited by the administration of PCG. These results indicate that polysaccharides exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IKKs, subsequently suppressing the NF-κB pathway activation and decreasing the expression of inflammatory mediators.
慢性咽炎是一种常见的咽部黏膜炎症，常由细菌、病毒、酗酒、过度用嗓和吸烟等引起。本研究旨在探讨柚皮苷（PCG）多糖缓解慢性咽炎的作用，并阐明其潜在机制。采用柱层析提取法从 PCG 中提取多糖。通过口服 PCG 后对慢性咽炎患者 6 项临床症状评分（包括咽痒、声音嘶哑、疼痛、咽痛、咳嗽和耳痛）的评估，研究多糖对慢性咽炎的作用。通过氨刺激兔建立慢性咽炎模型，进行病理学分析。通过 ELISA 分析外周血 T 细胞中炎症标志物的水平。通过 Western blot 分析 ERK1/2、JNK 和 p38 的总蛋白和磷酸化水平。通过 Western blot 和荧光素酶 assay 评估 IKKα 和 p65 的蛋白量、IKKα/β 的活性和 p65 的活性。临床研究表明，PCG 能显著缓解慢性咽炎患者的 6 项症状。慢性咽炎动物的病理学分析表明，PCG 治疗组病理细胞数量明显减少，且减少程度呈剂量依赖性（p<0.01）。ELISA 分析表明，PCG 能显著抑制 αCD3 诱导的 IFN-γ、IL-2 和 IL-4 表达的增加，呈剂量依赖性。此外，Western blot 和荧光素酶 assay 表明，PCG 可抑制外周血 T 细胞中 IKKα/β 的磷酸化。这些结果表明，多糖通过抑制 IKKs 的磷酸化，进而抑制 NF-κB 通路的激活，减少炎症介质的表达，发挥抗炎作用。
