A comparison of two crisis housing alternatives to psychiatric hospitalization.

This study compared outcomes for demographically matched clients four months after their admission to two short-term crisis programs. The programs provided crisis housing and case management services as alternatives to psychiatric hospitalization for clients with severe and persistent mental illness. One program met housing needs by purchasing shelter in hotels and boarding houses, and the other provided lodging in an eight-bed crisis house. In both programs, two-thirds of the clients avoided hospitalization during four-month follow-up, and both programs were effective in stabilizing clients' housing and financial situations. Clients in the purchase-of-housing program showed an increase in substance abuse problems at follow-up. Average client costs were similar in the two programs. A critical program difference was the substantially higher staff turnover in the crisis house, which was later replaced with scattered-site crisis housing.