Bond G R, McGrew J H, Fekete D M
Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis 46202.
J Ment Health Adm. 1995 Winter;22(1):4-16. doi: 10.1007/BF02519193.
A meta-analysis was conducted on nine studies of an assertive outreach model for frequent users of psychiatric hospitals. Four studies used experimental or quasi-experimental designs and five used pre-post designs. Findings at one-year follow-up were examined for retention in community mental health services, psychiatric inpatient days, quality of life, and client level of functioning. Eighty-four percent of assertive outreach clients were still receiving mental health services after one year, compared to 54% of controls. In two thirds of the programs, the mean annual rate of inpatient days declined by 50% or more. The overall experimental effect size for quality of life was negligible, although changes over time for assertive outreach clients were more encouraging. Similarly, improvement in level of functioning was found for assertive outreach clients. The study examining experimental differences in level of functioning obtained a nonsignificant moderate effect.
对九项关于精神病医院频繁使用者的积极外展模式的研究进行了荟萃分析。四项研究采用了实验性或准实验性设计，五项采用了前后设计。对一年随访时在社区精神卫生服务中的留存率、精神科住院天数、生活质量和服务对象功能水平的研究结果进行了考察。一年后，84%的积极外展服务对象仍在接受精神卫生服务，而对照组这一比例为54%。在三分之二的项目中，住院天数的年平均下降率达到或超过了50%。生活质量方面的总体实验效应量微不足道，不过积极外展服务对象随时间的变化更令人鼓舞。同样，积极外展服务对象的功能水平也有改善。考察功能水平实验差异的研究获得了一个不显著的中度效应。
