Avilés-Santa M Larissa, Heintzman John, Lindberg Nangel M, Guerrero-Preston Rafael, Ramos Kenneth, Abraído-Lanza Ana L, Bull Jonca, Falcón Adolph, McBurnie Mary Ann, Moy Ernest, Papanicolaou George, Piña Ileana L, Popovic Jennifer, Suglia Shakira F, Vázquez Miguel A
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Drive, Room 10188, Bethesda, MD 20892-7936 USA.
Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 318 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
BMC Proc. 2017 Oct 3;11(Suppl 11):11. doi: 10.1186/s12919-017-0079-4. eCollection 2017.
Persons of Hispanic/Latino descent may represent different ancestries, ethnic and cultural groups and countries of birth. In the U.S., the Hispanic/Latino population is projected to constitute 29% of the population by 2060. A personalized approach focusing on individual variability in genetics, environment, lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants of health may advance the understanding of some of the major factors contributing to the health disparities experienced by Hispanics/Latinos and other groups in the U.S., thus leading to new strategies that improve health care outcomes. However, there are major gaps in our current knowledge about how personalized medicine can shape health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos and address the potential factors that may explain the observed differences within this heterogeneous group, and between this group and other U.S. demographic groups. For that purpose, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), in collaboration with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), held a workshop in which experts discussed (1) potential approaches to study medical treatments and health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos and garner the necessary evidence to fill gaps of efficacy, effectiveness and safety of therapies for heart, lung, blood and sleep (HLBS) disorders and conditions--and their risk factors; (2) research opportunities related to personalized medicine to improve knowledge and develop effective interventions to reduce health disparities among Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S.; and (3) the incorporation of expanded sociocultural and socioeconomic data collection and genetic/genomic/epigenetic information of Hispanic/Latino patients into their clinical assessments, to account for individual variability in ancestry; physiology or disease risk; culture; environment; lifestyle; and socioeconomic determinants of health. The experts also provided recommendations on: sources of Hispanic/Latino health data and strategies to enhance its collection; policy; genetics, genomics and epigenetics research; and integrating Hispanic/Latino health research within clinical settings.
西班牙裔/拉丁裔血统的人可能代表着不同的祖籍、种族和文化群体以及出生国。在美国，预计到2060年西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口将占总人口的29%。一种关注健康的遗传、环境、生活方式和社会经济决定因素个体差异的个性化方法，可能会促进对导致美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔及其他群体健康差距的一些主要因素的理解，从而产生改善医疗保健结果的新策略。然而，我们目前对于个性化医疗如何影响西班牙裔/拉丁裔的健康结果，以及如何解决可能解释这一异质群体内部以及该群体与美国其他人口群体之间观察到的差异的潜在因素，存在重大知识空白。为此，美国国立心肺血液研究所（NHLBI）与国立糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所（NIDDK）以及食品药品监督管理局（FDA）联合举办了一次研讨会，专家们在会上讨论了：（1）研究西班牙裔/拉丁裔医疗治疗和健康结果的潜在方法，并收集必要证据以填补心脏、肺、血液和睡眠（HLBS）疾病及其危险因素治疗的疗效、有效性和安全性方面的空白；（2）与个性化医疗相关的研究机会，以增进知识并制定有效干预措施，减少美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔之间的健康差距；（3）将西班牙裔/拉丁裔患者扩展的社会文化和社会经济数据收集以及遗传/基因组/表观遗传信息纳入其临床评估，以考虑祖籍、生理或疾病风险、文化、环境、生活方式以及健康的社会经济决定因素的个体差异。专家们还就以下方面提供了建议：西班牙裔/拉丁裔健康数据的来源及加强数据收集的策略；政策；遗传学、基因组学和表观遗传学研究；以及在临床环境中整合西班牙裔/拉丁裔健康研究。
