Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Chemosphere. 2018 Feb;193:454-463. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.050. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
European bison is classified as a vulnerable species because of many threats. We analyzed the content of toxic and essential elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Se, Th, Tl, U, V, and Zn) in the livers of 30 captive and free-ranging European bison from the Bison Breeding Center in Smardzewice and from Białowieża Primeval Forest in Poland. The contents of toxic elements were lower than reported previously in European Bison and were similar to those of wild ungulates from non-polluted areas. Accumulation of Cd and Cr was related to the age of animals. We compared the mineral status between captive and free-ranging European bison to verify whether the maintenance type could affect concentrations of trace elements in the liver. The concentration of Mn and Zn differed between captive and free-ranging group. Our results were compared to the reference values of essential elements for cattle. All animals from this study were Se-deficient and more than 80% of them have Cu deficiency. Deficiency of Mn was present in 20% of captive and 37% of free-ranging animals whereas Zn in 37% and 3% respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed that Mn and Zn deficiencies were related o the maintenance of animals (p<0.05). We revealed that mineral deficiencies could be an additional threat to the Polish population of European bison. Thus, the monitoring of essential minerals is necessary and future work is required to optimize the supplementation and foddering for preventing the occurrence of mineral deficiencies.
欧洲野牛被列为易危物种，因为它们面临许多威胁。我们分析了来自波兰 Smardzewice 野牛繁殖中心和比亚沃维耶扎原始森林的 30 头圈养和野生欧洲野牛肝脏中的有毒和必需元素（Ag、Al、As、Ba、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mg、Mn、Na、Ni、Pb、Se、Th、Tl、U、V 和 Zn）含量。有毒元素的含量低于以前报道的欧洲野牛中的含量，与来自无污染地区的野生有蹄类动物相似。Cd 和 Cr 的积累与动物的年龄有关。我们比较了圈养和野生欧洲野牛的矿物质状况，以验证维持类型是否会影响肝脏中微量元素的浓度。Mn 和 Zn 的浓度在圈养和野生组之间存在差异。我们将结果与牛的必需元素参考值进行了比较。本研究中的所有动物均为 Se 缺乏症，超过 80%的动物存在 Cu 缺乏症。Mn 缺乏症在 20%的圈养和 37%的野生动物中存在，而 Zn 缺乏症分别在 37%和 3%的动物中存在。统计分析证实，Mn 和 Zn 缺乏与动物的维持方式有关（p<0.05）。我们揭示了矿物质缺乏可能是波兰欧洲野牛种群的另一个威胁。因此，有必要对必需矿物质进行监测，需要进一步的工作来优化补充和饲料，以预防矿物质缺乏症的发生。
