School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Ireland.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland.
J Athl Train. 2017 Dec;52(12):1140-1146. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-52.12.17. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
Professional horse racing is considered a high-risk sport, yet the last analysis of fall and injury incidence in this sport in Ireland was completed between 1999 and 2006.
To provide an updated analysis of the fall and injury incidence in professional flat and jump horse racing in Ireland from 2011 through 2015, compare it with the previous analysis, and detail the specific types and locations of injuries.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
A medical doctor recorded all injuries that occurred at every official flat and jump race meeting for the 2011 through 2015 seasons using standardized injury-report forms.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Injury and fall rates and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported for flat and jump racing. Incidence rate ratios and 95% CIs were calculated between flat and jump racing, between the 1999-2006 analysis and the current results, and between 2011 and 2015. The distribution of injuries for type and location of injury was reported.
Compared with flat racing, jump racing had significantly more falls per 1000 rides (49.5 versus 3.8), injuries per 1000 rides (10.1 versus 1.4), and injuries per 1000 meetings (776.0 versus 94.1). However, the rate of injuries per 1000 falls was significantly higher in flat racing (352.8 versus 203.8). An increase in injuries per 1000 falls between 2011 and 2015 was found in flat racing ( P = .005). Since the previous analysis, a significant increase in injuries per 1000 rides and falls was noted in jump racing. Soft tissue injuries were predominant in flat and jump racing (61.54% and 68.80%, respectively), with fractures the second most common injury (15.38% and 18.06%, respectively). Concussions were more prevalent from flat-racing falls (incidence rate ratio = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.15, 0.61). The lower limb was the most frequent location of injury (32.89%) in flat racing; however, in jump racing, upper limb injuries (34.97%) were predominant.
An update on professional flat- and jump-racing fall and injury epidemiology is provided. Further research to identify risk factors for injury, design and investigate the feasibility of injury-prevention strategies, and document their effects on fall and injury incidence is required.
职业赛马被认为是一项高风险的运动，但在爱尔兰，上一次对该运动中摔倒和受伤发生率的分析是在 1999 年至 2006 年之间完成的。
提供爱尔兰职业平地和障碍赛马从 2011 年至 2015 年摔倒和受伤发生率的最新分析，将其与之前的分析进行比较，并详细说明受伤的具体类型和部位。
描述性流行病学研究。
一位医生使用标准化的伤害报告表记录了 2011 年至 2015 年每个官方平地和障碍赛马比赛中发生的所有伤害。
报告平地和障碍赛马的受伤和摔倒率及其 95%置信区间（CI）。计算了平地和障碍赛马之间、1999-2006 年分析与当前结果之间以及 2011 年至 2015 年之间的发病率比值和 95%CI。报告了受伤类型和受伤部位的分布。
与平地赛马相比，障碍赛马每 1000 次骑行的摔倒次数（49.5 比 3.8）、每 1000 次骑行的受伤次数（10.1 比 1.4）和每 1000 次比赛的受伤次数（776.0 比 94.1）显著更高。然而，平地赛马每 1000 次摔倒的受伤率明显更高（352.8 比 203.8）。在平地赛马中，2011 年至 2015 年间，每 1000 次摔倒的受伤率呈上升趋势（P=0.005）。自上次分析以来，障碍赛马每 1000 次骑行和摔倒的受伤率均显著增加。平地和障碍赛马中软组织损伤最为常见（分别为 61.54%和 68.80%），骨折为第二常见损伤（分别为 15.38%和 18.06%）。平地赛马中的脑震荡更为常见（发病率比值=0.30；95%CI=0.15，0.61）。在平地赛马中，下肢是受伤最常见的部位（32.89%）；然而，在障碍赛马中，上肢受伤（34.97%）更为常见。
提供了关于职业平地和障碍赛马摔倒和受伤流行病学的最新信息。需要进一步研究以确定受伤的危险因素，设计和调查损伤预防策略的可行性，并记录其对摔倒和受伤发生率的影响。
