McDonald Allison E, Pichaud Nicolas, Darveau Charles-A
Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick E1A 3E9, Canada.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2018 Oct;224:185-194. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.11.006. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
The study of glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation in animals has yielded a wealth of information about bioenergetics. Less is known about how animals use fuels other than glucose and less characterized enzymes that are also used to provide electrons to the electron transport system. It has become clear that bioenergetic flexibility is employed by a wide variety of animals in order to successfully grow, maintain cells, and reproduce, and has contributed to the exploitation of new environments and ecological niches through evolution. In most cases, the discovery of these "alternative" fuels and non-classical pathways is relatively recent, but is starting to call into question long believed paradigms about the diversity of animal bioenergetics. We present several specific examples of these "alternatives" and the animals that use them and present some implications for animal mitochondrial physiology research.
对动物体内糖酵解、三羧酸循环和氧化磷酸化的研究，已经产生了大量有关生物能量学的信息。对于动物如何利用葡萄糖以外的燃料，以及那些也用于为电子传递系统提供电子但特征描述较少的酶，人们了解得较少。很明显，各种各样的动物都利用生物能量灵活性来成功生长、维持细胞和繁殖，并且通过进化促进了对新环境和生态位的开拓。在大多数情况下，这些“替代”燃料和非经典途径的发现相对较新，但已开始质疑长期以来人们所相信的关于动物生物能量学多样性的范式。我们展示了这些“替代物”以及使用它们的动物的几个具体例子，并阐述了对动物线粒体生理学研究的一些启示。
