Costa Clarisse Melo Franco Neves, Silveira Micheline Rosa, Acurcio Francisco de Assis, Guerra Augusto Afonso, Guibu Ione Aquemi, Costa Karen Sarmento, Karnikowski Margô Gomes de Oliveira, Soeiro Orlando Mario, Leite Silvana Nair, Costa Ediná Alves, Nascimento Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do, Araújo Vânia Eloísa de, Álvares Juliana
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicamentos e Assistência Farmacêutica. Faculdade de Farmácia. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Departamento de Farmácia Social. Faculdade de Farmácia. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2017 Nov 13;51(suppl 2):18s. doi: 10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051007144.
To characterize the use of medicines by patients of the primary health care of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).
This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study, part of the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos - Serviços, 2015 (PNAUM - National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines - Services, 2015). Interviews were carried out with patients present in the services by semi-structured questionnaires. Sociodemographic, clinical, and use of medicines variables were assessed and the use of medicines in the 30 days prior to the interview was also verified. The population was stratified into three age groups: 18 to 44, 45 to 64, and 65 years or more. The differences between the age groups were verified using the Student's t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for the categorical ones. The complex samples analysis plan was employed. The medicines were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.
Of the 8,803 patients interviewed, 6,511 (76.2%) reported to have used medicines in the 30 days prior to the interview. On average, each patient used 2.32 medicines, without difference between the sexes. Among medicine users, 18.2% were aged 65 years or more. Compared to the other age groups, older adults presented more comorbidities, used more medicines, and self-reported worse health conditions. They were also less educated, reported worse economic situation, and lived alone. The medicines that were mostly used were "other analgesics and antipyretics" (3rd ATC level) and Losartan (5th ATC level).
Most medicine users had lower education level and presented comorbidities. The most used medicines were the antihypertensive ones. Self-medication was higher among young people. Most patients reported to use generic medicines. The average number of medicines and the prevalence of use increased with age. Due to the characteristics observed and the difficulties in the use of medicines, older adults are in a situation of greater vulnerability.
描述巴西统一卫生系统（SUS）初级卫生保健患者的用药情况。
这是一项横断面、探索性和描述性研究，是2015年全国药品获取、使用和促进合理用药调查 - 服务（PNAUM - 全国药品获取、使用和促进合理用药调查 - 服务，2015）的一部分。通过半结构化问卷对在服务机构中的患者进行访谈。评估社会人口统计学、临床和用药变量，并核实访谈前30天内的用药情况。将人群分为三个年龄组：18至44岁、45至64岁和65岁及以上。使用学生t检验验证连续变量年龄组之间的差异，使用卡方检验验证分类变量年龄组之间的差异。采用复杂样本分析计划。药品根据解剖治疗化学分类系统进行分类。
在接受访谈的8803名患者中，6511名（76.2%）报告在访谈前30天内使用过药品。平均而言，每位患者使用2.32种药品，男女之间无差异。在药品使用者中，18.2%为65岁及以上。与其他年龄组相比，老年人合并症更多，使用的药品更多，自我报告的健康状况更差。他们的受教育程度也较低，报告的经济状况较差，且独居。最常用的药品是“其他镇痛药和解热药”（解剖治疗化学分类系统第3级）和氯沙坦（解剖治疗化学分类系统第5级）。
大多数药品使用者教育水平较低且患有合并症。最常用的药品是抗高血压药。年轻人自我用药的情况较多。大多数患者报告使用的是通用名药品。药品的平均数量和使用患病率随年龄增长而增加。由于观察到的特征以及用药方面的困难，老年人处于更易受伤害的境地。
