Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Environ Health. 2017 Nov 21;16(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s12940-017-0337-y.
An increasing number of children are exposed to road traffic noise levels that may lead to adverse effects on health and daily functioning. Childhood is a period of intense growth and brain maturation, and children may therefore be especially vulnerable to road traffic noise. The objective of the present study was to examine whether road traffic noise was associated with reported inattention symptoms in children, and whether this association was mediated by sleep duration.
This study was based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Parental reports of children's inattention at age 8 were linked to modelled levels of residential road traffic noise. We investigated the association between inattention and noise exposure during pregnancy (n = 1934), noise exposure averaged over 5 years (age 3 to 8 years; n = 1384) and noise exposure at age 8 years (n = 1384), using fractional logit response models. The participants were children from Oslo, Norway.
An association with inattention at age 8 years was found for road traffic noise exposure at age 8 years (coef = .0083, CI = [.0012, .0154]; 1.2% point increase in inattention score per 10 dB increase in noise level), road traffic noise exposure average for the last 5 years (coef = .0090, CI = [.0016, .0164]; 1.3% point increase/10 dB), and for pregnancy road traffic noise exposure for boys (coef = .0091, CI = [.0010, .0171]), but not girls (coef = -.0021, CI = [-.0094, .0053]). Criteria for doing mediation analyses were not fulfilled.
Results indicate that road traffic noise has a negative impact on children's inattention. We found no mediation by sleep duration.
越来越多的儿童接触到可能对健康和日常功能产生不良影响的道路交通噪声水平。儿童期是生长和大脑成熟的高峰期，因此儿童可能特别容易受到道路交通噪声的影响。本研究的目的是检验道路交通噪声是否与儿童报告的注意力不集中症状有关，以及这种关联是否通过睡眠时长来介导。
本研究基于挪威公共卫生研究所进行的挪威母亲和儿童队列研究。将儿童 8 岁时注意力不集中的父母报告与居住道路交通噪声的模型水平相关联。我们使用分数对数响应模型调查了注意力不集中与妊娠期间的噪声暴露（n=1934）、5 年期间的平均噪声暴露（3 至 8 岁；n=1384）和 8 岁时的噪声暴露之间的关联。参与者为来自挪威奥斯陆的儿童。
在 8 岁时发现了与道路交通噪声暴露相关的注意力不集中的关联（系数=0.0083，CI=[0.0012，0.0154]；每增加 10dB 噪声水平，注意力不集中评分增加 1.2%），道路交通噪声暴露平均值为过去 5 年（系数=0.0090，CI=[0.0016，0.0164]；每增加 10dB，注意力不集中评分增加 1.3%），以及男孩妊娠道路交通噪声暴露（系数=0.0091，CI=[0.0010，0.0171]），但不是女孩（系数=-0.0021，CI=[-0.0094，0.0053]）。进行中介分析的标准未得到满足。
结果表明，道路交通噪声对儿童的注意力不集中有负面影响。我们没有发现通过睡眠时长的中介作用。
