Dėdelė Audrius, Nemaniūtė-Gužienė Jolanta, Gražulevičienė Regina, Andrušaitytė Sandra, Miškinytė Auksė
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
J Urban Health. 2025 Feb;102(1):113-124. doi: 10.1007/s11524-024-00947-8. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
Environmental noise pollution is one of the biggest concerns and the most important challenges in urban areas. Evidence from epidemiological studies shows that acoustic pollution can impact human health, and the effects may be stronger in susceptible and sensitive individuals. The objective of the study was to determine the individual exposure to road transport noise for preschool children in the residential environment and to assess its impact on children's psychological health. This is the first representative large-scale noise impact study in Lithuania aimed at the psychological health of children. A total of 1457 parent-child pairs were involved in the study. Residential exposure to environmental noise caused by road transport in Kaunas agglomeration, Lithuania was determined by applying geographic information systems and strategic noise mapping. A standardized Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess psychological health problems in children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between residential exposure to environmental noise caused by road transport and children's psychological health. The results of the study showed that the risk of hyperactivity and total scale difficulties increased statistically significantly up to 77% and up to 48%, respectively, in the highest noise (L ≥ 50 dB) exposure. The obtained results provide new knowledge about the relationship between road traffic noise in the residential environment and the psychological health of preschool children.
环境噪声污染是城市地区最令人担忧的问题之一，也是最重要的挑战之一。流行病学研究证据表明，噪声污染会影响人类健康，对易感和敏感个体的影响可能更强。本研究的目的是确定学龄前儿童在居住环境中接触道路交通噪声的情况，并评估其对儿童心理健康的影响。这是立陶宛第一项针对儿童心理健康的具有代表性的大规模噪声影响研究。共有1457对亲子参与了该研究。通过应用地理信息系统和战略噪声地图，确定了立陶宛考纳斯城市群道路交通造成的居住环境噪声暴露情况。使用标准化的优势与困难问卷（SDQ）来评估儿童的心理健康问题。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定道路交通造成的居住环境噪声暴露与儿童心理健康之间的关联。研究结果表明，在最高噪声（L≥50dB）暴露情况下，多动风险和总困难量表得分分别显著增加高达77%和48%。所得结果为居住环境中的道路交通噪声与学龄前儿童心理健康之间的关系提供了新知识。
