Ren Xiaolong, Chen Xiaoli, Cai Tie, Wei Ting, Wu Yang, Ali Shahzad, Zhang Peng, Jia Zhikuan
College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Oct 31;8:1877. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01877. eCollection 2017.
In China, the ridge-furrow water conservation planting (RC) system is advantageous for improving crop yields and rainwater use efficiency. In RC planting system, plastic film-mulched ridges are employed for water harvesting while the furrows serve as infiltration and planting belts. To optimize the RC system and to overcome problems due to the lack of water in semi-humid areas at risk of drought, we mulched the furrows with 8% biodegradable film (RC), liquid film (RC), or no mulching in the furrows (RC), while conventional flat planting (CF) was employed as the control. After 4 year (2007-2010) consecutive field study, the results showed that the soil water storage level in the 0-100 cm layer with four treatments was ranked as follow: RC > RC > RC > CF, while the RC and RC were 26.3 and 12.2 mm greater than RC, respectively. Compared with CF, the average soil temperature was significantly ( < 0.05) higher by 3.1, 1.7, and 1.5°C under the RC planting treatments (RC, RC, and RC) during each year, respectively. The average ET rate of RC treatments were all lower than CF in each experimental year, and the average decreased by 8.0% ( < 0.05). The average yields with RC, RC, and RC increased by 2,665, 1,444, and 1,235 kg ha, respectively, and the water use efficiency (WUE) increased by 51.6, 25.6, and 21.1%, compared with CF. RC obtained the highest economic benefit, the average net income was higher than CF by 4,020 Yuan ha. In conclusion, we found that RC planting with biodegradable film mulching in the furrows is the best cultivation pattern in the semi-humid areas of China in terms of both environmental and economic benefits.
在中国，垄沟保水种植（RC）系统有利于提高作物产量和雨水利用效率。在RC种植系统中，塑料薄膜覆盖的垄用于集水，而沟用作渗水区和种植带。为了优化RC系统并克服半湿润干旱风险地区缺水带来的问题，我们用8%的可降解薄膜（RC）、液膜（RC）覆盖沟，或沟不覆盖（RC），同时采用传统平作（CF）作为对照。经过连续4年（2007 - 2010年）的田间研究，结果表明，四种处理下0 - 100 cm土层的土壤储水量排序如下：RC＞RC＞RC＞CF，其中RC和RC分别比RC高26.3和12.2 mm。与CF相比，每年在RC种植处理（RC、RC和RC）下，平均土壤温度显著（＜0.05）分别高出3.1、1.7和1.5℃。在每个试验年份，RC处理的平均ET速率均低于CF，平均降低了8.0%（＜0.05）。与CF相比，RC、RC和RC的平均产量分别增加了2665、1444和1235 kg/ha，水分利用效率（WUE）分别提高了51.6%、25.6%和21.1%。RC获得了最高的经济效益，平均纯收入比CF高4020元/ha。总之，我们发现就环境和经济效益而言，沟内覆盖可降解薄膜的RC种植是中国半湿润地区最佳的种植模式。
