微生物视紫红质的转化：对功能必需元件及合理蛋白质工程的见解
Conversion of microbial rhodopsins: insights into functionally essential elements and rational protein engineering.
作者信息
Kaneko Akimasa, Inoue Keiichi, Kojima Keiichi, Kandori Hideki, Sudo Yuki
机构信息
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
出版信息
Biophys Rev. 2017 Dec;9(6):861-876. doi: 10.1007/s12551-017-0335-x. Epub 2017 Nov 25.
Technological progress has enabled the successful application of functional conversion to a variety of biological molecules, such as nucleotides and proteins. Such studies have revealed the functionally essential elements of these engineered molecules, which are difficult to characterize at the level of an individual molecule. The functional conversion of biological molecules has also provided a strategy for their rational and atomistic design. The engineered molecules can be used in studies to improve our understanding of their biological functions and to develop protein-based tools. In this review, we introduce the functional conversion of membrane-embedded photoreceptive retinylidene proteins (also called rhodopsins) and discuss these proteins mainly on the basis of results obtained from our own studies. This information provides insights into the molecular mechanism of light-induced protein functions and their use in optogenetics, a technology which involves the use of light to control biological activities.
技术进步已使功能转换成功应用于多种生物分子，如核苷酸和蛋白质。此类研究揭示了这些工程分子的功能必需元件，而这些元件在单个分子水平上难以表征。生物分子的功能转换还为其合理且原子水平的设计提供了一种策略。工程分子可用于研究，以增进我们对其生物学功能的理解，并开发基于蛋白质的工具。在本综述中，我们介绍膜嵌入光感受视黄醛蛋白（也称为视紫红质）的功能转换，并主要基于我们自己的研究结果来讨论这些蛋白质。这些信息为光诱导蛋白质功能的分子机制及其在光遗传学中的应用提供了见解，光遗传学是一种利用光来控制生物活性的技术。
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