Fuglkjær Signe, Hartvigsen Jan, Wedderkopp Niels, Boyle Eleanor, Jespersen Eva, Junge Tina, Larsen Lisbeth Runge, Hestbæk Lise
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017 Nov 25;18(1):492. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1859-8.
Musculoskeletal pain is common in childhood and adolescence, and may be long-lasting and recurrent. Musculoskeletal problems tend to follow adolescents into adulthood, and therefore it is important to design better prevention strategies and early effective treatment. To this end, we need in-depth knowledge about the epidemiology of musculoskeletal extremity problems in this age group, and therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, frequency and course of musculoskeletal pain in the upper and lower extremities in a cohort of Danish school children aged 8-14 years at baseline.
This was a prospective 3-year school-based cohort study, with information about musculoskeletal pain collected in two ways. Parents answered weekly mobile phone text messages about the presence or absence of musculoskeletal pain in their children, and a clinical consultation was performed in a subset of the children.
We found that approximately half the children had lower extremity pain every study year. This pain lasted on average for 8 weeks out of a study year, and the children had on average two and a half episodes per study year. Approximately one quarter of the children had upper extremity pain every study year that lasted on average 3 weeks during a study year, with one and a half episodes being the average. In general, there were more non-traumatic pain episodes compared with traumatic episodes in the lower extremities, whereas the opposite was true in the upper extremities. The most common anatomical pain sites were 'knee' and 'ankle/ft'.
Lower extremity pain among children and adolescents is common, recurrent and most often of non-traumatic origin. Upper extremity pain is less common, with fewer and shorter episodes, and usually with a traumatic onset. Girls more frequently reported upper extremity pain, whereas there was no sex-related difference in the lower extremities. The most frequently reported locations were 'knee' and 'ankle/ft'.
肌肉骨骼疼痛在儿童和青少年中很常见，可能会持续很长时间且反复发作。肌肉骨骼问题往往会伴随青少年进入成年期，因此设计更好的预防策略和早期有效治疗方法非常重要。为此，我们需要深入了解该年龄组肌肉骨骼肢体问题的流行病学情况，因此，本研究的目的是确定一组基线年龄为8至14岁的丹麦学童上下肢肌肉骨骼疼痛的患病率、发作频率和病程。
这是一项为期3年的前瞻性学校队列研究，通过两种方式收集有关肌肉骨骼疼痛的信息。家长每周通过手机短信回复其子女是否存在肌肉骨骼疼痛的情况，并对部分儿童进行临床会诊。
我们发现，在每个研究年度中，约有一半的儿童有下肢疼痛。这种疼痛在一个研究年度中平均持续8周，儿童平均每年有2.5次发作。在每个研究年度中，约有四分之一的儿童有上肢疼痛，在一个研究年度中平均持续3周，平均发作1.5次。一般来说，下肢非创伤性疼痛发作比创伤性发作更多，而上肢情况则相反。最常见的疼痛解剖部位是“膝盖”和“脚踝/足部”。
儿童和青少年下肢疼痛很常见，反复发作，且大多源于非创伤性。上肢疼痛较少见，发作次数较少且持续时间较短，通常由创伤引起。女孩更频繁地报告上肢疼痛，而下肢疼痛在性别上没有差异。最常报告的疼痛部位是“膝盖”和“脚踝/足部”。
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