Foyet Harquin Simplice, Tchinda Deffo Serge, Koagne Yewo Pascaline, Antioch Iulia, Zingue Stéphane, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Kamtchouing Pierre, Ciobica Alin
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon, P.O. Box: 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, Cameroon, P.O. Box: 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Nov 28;17(1):502. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-2012-9.
Stress, regardless of its nature is nowadays recognized as one of the major risk factors for neuropsychiatric diseases, such as mood and anxiety disorders. The brain compared with other organs is more vulnerable to oxidative damage mainly due to its high rate of oxygen consumption, abundant lipid content, and relative insufficiency of antioxidant enzymes. Thus, the identification of neural mechanisms underlying resistance and vulnerability to stress is of crucial importance in understanding the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and in developing new treatments, since the existing ones are for several reasons subject to increasing limitations. This study was aimed to assess the effects of hydromethanolic extract of Ficus sycomorus stem bark on depression, anxiety and memory impairment induced by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) in rats.
These effects were studied using anxiety-related behavior, depression-related behavior, anhedonia-like behavior and the Y maze task. Sucrose test was performed twice (before and after UCMS) to assess anhedonia in rats. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the extract were performed. The antioxidant activities of the extract were assessed using total glutathione (GSH) content and malondialdehyde (MDA) level (lipid peroxidation) in the rat temporal lobe homogenates.
The extract of F. sycomorus in a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly increased the sucrose consumption and the swimming time which had been reduced by the unpredictable chronic mild stress (p < 0.001). The extract also significantly reduced (p < 0.01) the latency time in the novelty-suppressed feeding test. In the elevated plus-maze, the extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p < 0.01) the time and the number of entries into the closed arms. The treatment with the extracts also significantly increased alternation in the Y-maze (p < 0.01 for 100 mg/kg). The extract significantly increased the total GSH content and reduced MDA level in rat temporal lobe. For the LC-MS analysis, the major compound in the extract was a flavonoid with formula CHO.
F. sycomorus reversed the harmful effects of UCMS on mood and behaviors in rats and it possesses an antidepressant property that is at least in part mediated through the oxidative pathway.
如今，无论压力的性质如何，都被认为是神经精神疾病（如情绪和焦虑障碍）的主要风险因素之一。与其他器官相比，大脑更容易受到氧化损伤，主要原因是其高耗氧率、丰富的脂质含量以及抗氧化酶相对不足。因此，确定抵抗压力和易受压力影响的神经机制对于理解神经精神疾病的病理生理学以及开发新的治疗方法至关重要，因为现有治疗方法由于多种原因正受到越来越多的限制。本研究旨在评估无花果茎皮水甲醇提取物对大鼠不可预测的慢性轻度应激（UCMS）诱导的抑郁、焦虑和记忆障碍的影响。
使用与焦虑相关的行为、与抑郁相关的行为、快感缺失样行为和Y迷宫任务来研究这些影响。进行两次蔗糖测试（UCMS之前和之后）以评估大鼠的快感缺失。对提取物进行液相色谱 - 质谱分析。使用大鼠颞叶匀浆中的总谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量和丙二醛（MDA）水平（脂质过氧化）评估提取物的抗氧化活性。
100mg/kg剂量的无花果提取物显著增加了蔗糖消耗量和游泳时间，这些指标在不可预测的慢性轻度应激后有所降低（p < 0.001）。该提取物还显著缩短了新异抑制摄食试验中的潜伏期（p < 0.01）。在高架十字迷宫中，提取物（10 m g/kg和200mg/kg）显著减少了进入封闭臂的时间和次数（p < 0.01）。提取物处理还显著增加了Y迷宫中的交替次数（100mg/kg时p < 0.01）。该提取物显著增加了大鼠颞叶中的总GSH含量并降低了MDA水平。对于液相色谱 - 质谱分析，提取物中的主要化合物是一种分子式为CHO的黄酮类化合物。
无花果逆转了UCMS对大鼠情绪和行为的有害影响，并且具有至少部分通过氧化途径介导的抗抑郁特性。
