Westermeyer J, Neider J, Callies A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1989 Mar;177(3):132-9. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198903000-00002.
Over their first decade in the United States, 100 Hmong refugees were studied on three occasions. Data included demographic characteristics, acculturation skills, traditional affiliations and pastimes, material acquisitions, psychosocial problems, and self-rating scales. In addition to a description of the data changes, a multiple regression analysis was performed. Changes demonstrated considerable evidence of acculturation, psychiatric care seeking, and greatly reduced symptom levels for several symptom complexes. However, a large minority of subjects remain illiterate, unable to speak English, generally involved with other Hmong but not with the majority society, and/or have high symptom levels on self-rating scales. Regarding symptom changes, depression, somatization, phobia, and self-esteem symptoms improved the most with time and acculturation. On the contrary, anxiety, hostility, and paranoid symptoms changed little. Multiple regression analyses indicated that strong traditional ties (e.g., large household size, being an herbal healer), older age, marital problems, and medical complaints were most associated with high symptom levels.
在美国的头十年里，对100名苗族难民进行了三次研究。数据包括人口统计学特征、文化适应技能、传统联系和消遣方式、物质获取、心理社会问题以及自评量表。除了描述数据变化外，还进行了多元回归分析。变化表明有大量证据显示文化适应、寻求精神科护理以及几种症状复合体的症状水平大幅降低。然而，很大一部分受试者仍然不识字，不会说英语，通常只与其他苗族交往而不与主流社会交往，和/或在自评量表上有较高的症状水平。关于症状变化，抑郁、躯体化、恐惧症和自尊症状随时间和文化适应改善最为明显。相反，焦虑、敌意和偏执症状变化不大。多元回归分析表明，牢固的传统联系（如大家庭规模、身为草药医生）、年龄较大、婚姻问题和医疗投诉与高症状水平最相关。
