Redlberger S, Fischer S, Köhler H, Diller R, Reinhold P
Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis at Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Workgroup Biomathematics at Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Vet J. 2017 Nov;229:45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.10.017. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
There is a paucity of published data reporting acid-base equilibrium in goats, and no information is available on how the acid-base complexity changes when suckling goat kids become ruminants. The aims of this study were to evaluate young healthy goats for age-related changes in serum proteins, metabolites, and electrolytes; differences in results when the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation or strong ion approaches were used were also assessed. To assess biological variability and reproducibility, two consecutive long-term studies, each lasting from the 6th to 56th week of life (wl), were performed in 15 (Study 1) and 10 (Study 2) animals. Blood gas analysis, serum biochemical analysis, and electrophoresis were performed on venous blood, and acid-base information was obtained using the traditional Henderson-Hasselbalch approach, Stewart's strong ion model, and Constable's simplified strong ion model. In all goats within the first 4-5 months, serum concentrations of glucose, l-lactate, and inorganic phosphate decreased significantly, while serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, and gamma globulin increased. Consequently, nonvolatile weak acids (A and A) increased. At the end of this 'adaptation period', i.e. when milk was replaced by purely plant-based food, significantly lower bicarbonate and base excess values were accompanied by blood pH that shifted towards acidosis. Electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, and Cl), anion gap, strong ion difference, and strong ion gap did not show age-dependent trends. In conclusion, somatic growth and development of gastro-intestinal fermentation in growing goats act as complex sources of physiological variability on acid-base equilibrium that was not reflected by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation only.
关于山羊酸碱平衡的已发表数据很少，而且没有关于哺乳山羊羔转变为反刍动物时酸碱复杂性如何变化的信息。本研究的目的是评估健康幼龄山羊血清蛋白、代谢物和电解质随年龄的变化；还评估了使用亨德森 - 哈塞尔巴尔赫方程或强离子方法时结果的差异。为了评估生物学变异性和可重复性，对15只（研究1）和10只（研究2）动物进行了两项连续的长期研究，每项研究从出生后第6周持续到第56周。对静脉血进行血气分析、血清生化分析和电泳，并使用传统的亨德森 - 哈塞尔巴尔赫方法、斯图尔特强离子模型和康斯特布尔简化强离子模型获取酸碱信息。在所有山羊出生后的前4 - 5个月内，血清葡萄糖、l - 乳酸和无机磷酸盐浓度显著下降，而血清总蛋白、白蛋白和γ球蛋白浓度升高。因此，非挥发性弱酸（A和A）增加。在这个“适应期”结束时，即当牛奶被纯植物性食物替代时，显著降低的碳酸氢盐和碱剩余值伴随着血液pH值向酸中毒方向转变。电解质（钠、钾、钙和氯）、阴离子间隙、强离子差和强离子间隙未显示出年龄依赖性趋势。总之，生长山羊的体细胞生长和胃肠发酵的发育是酸碱平衡生理变异性的复杂来源，仅用亨德森 - 哈塞尔巴尔赫方程无法反映这一点。
