Penzel Thomas, Sabil AbdelKebir
Interdisciplinary Sleep Medicine Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Research and Development at CIDELEC, Sainte Gemmes, France.
Breathe (Sheff). 2017 Jun;13(2):e37-e45. doi: 10.1183/20734735.008817.
Tracheal sounds have been the subject of many research studies. In this review, we describe the state of the art, original work relevant to upper airways obstruction during sleep, and ongoing research concerning the methods used when analysing tracheal sounds. Tracheal sound sensors are a simple and noninvasive means of measurement and are more reliable than other breathing sensors. Developments in acoustic processing techniques and enhancements in tracheal sound signals over the past decade have led to improvements in the accuracy and clinical relevance of diagnoses based on this technology. Past and current research suggests that they may have a significant role in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea.
Tracheal sounds are currently a topic of significant interest but are not yet used in most routine sleep study systems.Measured at the suprasternal notch, tracheal sounds can provide reliable information on breathing sounds, snoring sounds and respiratory efforts.Tracheal sounds may be used as a noninvasive method of studying abnormalities of the upper airways during wakefulness.
To understand the principles of tracheal sound measurement and analysis.To highlight the importance of tracheal sounds for the diagnosis of sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome.To present the most relevant clinical studies that have validated the use of tracheal sound sensors and to make future clinical validation studies possible.
气管声音一直是许多研究的主题。在本综述中，我们描述了当前的技术水平、与睡眠期间上气道阻塞相关的原创性研究，以及有关分析气管声音时所使用方法的正在进行的研究。气管声音传感器是一种简单且无创的测量手段，比其他呼吸传感器更可靠。过去十年中，声学处理技术的发展以及气管声音信号的增强，使得基于该技术的诊断准确性和临床相关性得到了提高。过去和当前的研究表明，它们可能在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的诊断中发挥重要作用。
气管声音目前是一个备受关注的话题，但尚未在大多数常规睡眠研究系统中使用。在胸骨上切迹处测量时，气管声音可以提供有关呼吸音、打鼾声和呼吸努力的可靠信息。气管声音可作为一种在清醒状态下研究上气道异常的无创方法。
了解气管声音测量和分析的原理。强调气管声音对睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征诊断的重要性。介绍已验证气管声音传感器使用的最相关临床研究，并使未来的临床验证研究成为可能。
