Knox Kathy, Parkinson Joy, Pang Bo, Fujihira Haruka, David Patricia, Rundle-Thiele Sharyn
1 Department of Marketing, Griffith Business School, Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Prog Transplant. 2017 Sep;27(3):309-320. doi: 10.1177/1526924817715459. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
This study systematically located and appraised peer-reviewed evidence for the efficacy of strategies to increase organ donation decision communication among adults including an assessment of study quality to guide future research in this field. There is little room to move in strengthening unanimously positive public attitudes toward organ donation. Consequently, researchers have called for a focus on organ donation decision communication to understand modifiable factors to increase organ donation rates.
Multiple databases were searched during September 2015, and 44 studies were selected for inclusion. Data concerning participants, design, and outcomes were extracted. Studies were rated for quality and levels of evidence.
Although not amenable to meta-analysis, the literature indicates that approximately 50% of adults who are willing to become an organ donor have discussed this decision with family. The majority of research was conducted in a Western context with an overrepresentation of students. Strategies to increase communication include education, motivation, input from lived experience, efforts to address salient audience beliefs, and scheduled reminders or prompts. Intentions and willingness to discuss organ donation were consistently positively related to discussion behavior; however, formative research and experimental studies testing theoretically driven interventions were scarce.
There is mixed evidence for the role of demographic and attitudinal characteristics in the success of organ donation communication interventions. Additional theoretically based research is recommended to establish boundary conditions and validate strategies to increase organ donation decision communication among adults.
本研究系统地查找并评估了经同行评审的证据，以证明旨在增加成年人器官捐赠决策沟通的策略的有效性，包括对研究质量的评估，以指导该领域未来的研究。在强化公众对器官捐赠一致积极的态度方面，提升空间有限。因此，研究人员呼吁关注器官捐赠决策沟通，以了解可改变的因素，从而提高器官捐赠率。
2015年9月对多个数据库进行了检索，选取44项研究纳入。提取了有关参与者、设计和结果的数据。对研究进行质量和证据水平评级。
尽管不适合进行荟萃分析，但文献表明，约50%愿意成为器官捐赠者的成年人已与家人讨论过这一决定。大多数研究是在西方背景下进行的，学生占比过高。增加沟通的策略包括教育、激励、来自实际经验的输入、努力解决受众的突出信念，以及定期提醒或提示。讨论器官捐赠的意图和意愿与讨论行为始终呈正相关；然而，测试理论驱动干预措施的形成性研究和实验研究很少。
关于人口统计学和态度特征在器官捐赠沟通干预成功中的作用，证据不一。建议开展更多基于理论的研究，以确定边界条件并验证提高成年人器官捐赠决策沟通的策略。
