Berzelak Nejc, Avsec Danica, Kamin Tanja
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kardeljeva ploščad 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Institute for Transplantation of Organs and Tissues of the Republic of Slovenia, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Zdr Varst. 2019 Oct 1;58(4):155-163. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2019-0020. eCollection 2019 Dec.
The paper presents the findings of the first large-scale survey on post-mortem organ donation among the general Slovenian population. It focuses on the reported donation willingness, the barriers to joining the register of organ donors and the position towards consent to donate organs of deceased relatives.
A face-to-face survey was conducted on a probability sample of 1,076 Slovenian residents between October and December 2017. The performed analyses included estimations of means and proportions for target variables, an evaluation of between-group differences and a partial proportional odds model to study the relations between organ donation willingness and socio-demographic characteristics.
The mean reported willingness to donate one's own organs after death was 3.77 on a 5-point scale, with less than a third of respondents claiming to be certainly willing. Only 6% of those at least tentatively willing to donate organs were certain to join the register of organ donors in the future. The most frequently reported barriers to registration were unfamiliarity with the procedure and a lack of considering it beforehand. The reported willingness to donate organs of a deceased relative strongly depended on the knowledge of the relative's wishes, yet 80% of the respondents did not discuss their wishes with any family members.
The findings confirm the gap between the reported donation willingness and joining the register of donors. Future post-mortem organ donation strategies need to consider socio-demographic and attitudinal factors of donation willingness and help stimulate the communication about organ donation wishes between family members.
本文介绍了斯洛文尼亚普通人群中首次关于死后器官捐赠的大规模调查结果。它聚焦于报告的捐赠意愿、加入器官捐赠登记册的障碍以及对同意捐赠已故亲属器官的态度。
2017年10月至12月期间，对1076名斯洛文尼亚居民的概率样本进行了面对面调查。所进行的分析包括对目标变量的均值和比例估计、组间差异评估以及用于研究器官捐赠意愿与社会人口特征之间关系的部分比例优势模型。
在5分制量表上，报告的死后捐赠自己器官的平均意愿为3.77分，不到三分之一的受访者声称肯定愿意。在至少暂时愿意捐赠器官的人中，只有6%确定未来会加入器官捐赠登记册。最常报告的登记障碍是不熟悉程序以及事先未考虑此事。报告的捐赠已故亲属器官的意愿在很大程度上取决于对亲属意愿的了解，但80%的受访者没有与任何家庭成员讨论过他们的意愿。
研究结果证实了报告的捐赠意愿与加入捐赠登记册之间的差距。未来的死后器官捐赠策略需要考虑捐赠意愿的社会人口和态度因素，并有助于促进家庭成员之间关于器官捐赠意愿的沟通。
