Effect of glucan on the stimulation of cytokine production in sarcoma-180-bearing mice.

(CV) contains high levels of bioactive compounds, including the glucan (1→6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl. However, there is a lack of data regarding the potential effect of this CV glucan (CVG) on the stimulation of cytokine production. The present study evaluated the effect of CVG on the stimulation of cytokine production in sarcoma-180-bearing mice. Mice were treated with three doses of CVG (40, 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight) for nine days, after which serum levels of cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)-2, -4, -6, -10, -17A and interferon (IFN)-α and -γ, were investigated by ELISA. CVG significantly promoted the secretion of IL-2, -4, -6, -10, -17A and IFN-α and -γ at the doses of 100 (P<0.05) and 200 (P<0.01) mg/kg, but not at 40 mg/kg (P>0.05), when compared with cyclophosphamide treatment, as a positive control. Additionally, cytokine production associated with T helper (Th)2 and Th17 cells was enhanced compared with that of Th1 cytokines, and the immunomodulatory function of CVG appeared to be IL-10-dependent. These results demonstrate that CVG may stimulate the production of cytokines and serve as a Th2/IL-10-dependent immunomodulator, and thus has promise in supporting cancer therapies.