Wegmann Melissa, Hecksteden Anne, Poppendieck Wigand, Steffen Anke, Kraushaar Jochen, Morsch Arne, Meyer Tim
Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Department of Information Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.
Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Nov;28(6):509-515. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000475.
To investigate the correlation between acute exercise effects and chronic training effects on blood pressure (BP).
Randomized, controlled training study focusing on the optimization of preventive effects of physical training.
The study was performed in a university department.
One hundred twenty-seven healthy, untrained subjects.
Subjects were divided into 4 groups: interval endurance training (IET) (n = 26, 4 × 4 min at 95% maximal heart rate), continuous endurance training (CET) (n = 23, 45 minutes at 60% heart rate reserve), strength endurance training (SET) (n = 40, 8 machine-based exercises, each 2 x 15 repetitions at the 20 repetition maximum), and control (CON) (n = 38). In the 3 training groups, subjects trained 3 times a week for 6 months, the CON group was asked to retain their sedentary lifestyle.
The acute exercise effect on BP was defined as the change of BP after an exhaustive stage test, compared with baseline. The chronic training effect on BP was determined as the change of resting BP after the 6-month training period.
For CET, a significant correlation between acute and chronic effects on systolic (r = 0.66, P = 0.001) and diastolic (r = 0.66, P = 0.001) BP was observed. For SET, a significant correlation (r = 0.45, P = 0.007) was found only for diastolic BP. No significant correlations were found for IET.
It can be assumed that postexercise hypotension is an easy-to-use predictor for the efficacy of CET to reduce BP, and may be a valuable tool for physicians to individualize prescribed training schedules for patients to reduce cardiovascular risk.
www.clinicaltrials.gov; ID: NCT01263522.
探讨急性运动效应与慢性训练效应对血压（BP）的相关性。
以优化体育锻炼预防效果为重点的随机对照训练研究。
该研究在一所大学的院系进行。
127名健康、未经训练的受试者。
受试者分为4组：间歇耐力训练（IET）组（n = 26，以95%最大心率进行4×4分钟训练）、持续耐力训练（CET）组（n = 23，以60%心率储备进行45分钟训练）、力量耐力训练（SET）组（n = 40，8项器械练习，每项以20次重复最大值进行2×15次重复）和对照组（CON）（n = 38）。在3个训练组中，受试者每周训练3次，共6个月，CON组被要求保持久坐不动的生活方式。
急性运动对血压的影响定义为力竭性阶段测试后血压相对于基线的变化。慢性训练对血压的影响确定为6个月训练期后静息血压的变化。
对于CET组，观察到急性和慢性效应在收缩压（r = 0.66，P = 0.001）和舒张压（r = 0.66，P = 0.001）方面存在显著相关性。对于SET组，仅在舒张压方面发现显著相关性（r = 0.45，P = 0.007）。IET组未发现显著相关性。
可以假设运动后低血压是CET降低血压效果的一个易于使用的预测指标，并且可能是医生为患者制定个性化训练计划以降低心血管风险的一个有价值的工具。
