Bille Laura, Binato Giovanni, Gabrieli Claudio, Manfrin Amedeo, Pascoli Francesco, Pretto Tobia, Toffan Anna, Dalla Pozza Manuela, Angeletti Roberto, Arcangeli Giuseppe
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
Forensic Sci Int. 2017 Dec;281:176-182. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.10.040. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Fish kills are events of strong emotional impact on the population because of the frequent suspicion that they can be the result of serious pollution accidents. As a matter of fact, they are often due to natural occurrences, such as low levels of dissolved oxygen in the water, but in many cases the causes remain unknown. Fish are particularly sensitive to pesticides and pyrethroids are reported to be the most ecotoxicologically active in the aquatic environment. Nevertheless, the reported cases of massive wild fish mortalities due to these toxicants are very few. This paper describes a fish kill episode occurred in the Padua Province (Veneto Region - North Eastern Italy) which involved several fish species and for which it was possible to identify the cause in the presence of pyrethroids in the water.
When a whitish liquid coming from the rainwater drain of an industrial area was seen to be spilling into a drainage channel, a fish massive mortality was noticed and investigated. The collected water samples showed the presence of relevant concentrations of cypermethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin and tetramethrin. Analyses on the fish tissues revealed the presence of cypermethrin and permethrin at a concentration range of 476-2834μg/kg and 346-2826μg/kg on a lipid basis, respectively.
According to the results of the performed analyses, we can reasonably state that the described episode had been caused by the exposure of biota to high concentrations of pyrethroids. The present case report significantly contributes to the limited literature available on pesticides-related fish kills. Moreover, it highlights the importance of sharing protocols for fish kill management at a national level, as this would help to better define the roles of the different institutions involved and to improve the investigation and the reporting of these events.
鱼类死亡事件会对民众产生强烈的情感冲击，因为人们常常怀疑这可能是严重污染事故所致。事实上，鱼类死亡往往是由自然因素引起的，比如水中溶解氧含量低，但在很多情况下，原因仍不明确。鱼类对农药特别敏感，据报道拟除虫菊酯在水生环境中具有最高的生态毒理学活性。然而，因这些有毒物质导致大量野生鱼类死亡的报道却非常少。本文描述了发生在意大利东北部威尼托大区帕多瓦省的一起鱼类死亡事件，该事件涉及多个鱼类品种，并且在水中检测到拟除虫菊酯的情况下确定了死因。
当发现一种来自工业区雨水排放口的白色液体流入一条排水渠道时，人们注意到并调查了大量鱼类死亡的情况。采集的水样显示存在相当浓度的氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、溴氰菊酯和胺菊酯。对鱼组织的分析表明，以脂质计，氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯的浓度范围分别为476 - 2834μg/kg和346 - 2826μg/kg。
根据所进行分析的结果，我们可以合理地指出，所描述的这起事件是生物群暴露于高浓度拟除虫菊酯所致。本病例报告对关于农药相关鱼类死亡的有限文献做出了重要贡献。此外，它凸显了在国家层面共享鱼类死亡事件管理方案的重要性，因为这将有助于更好地明确不同相关机构的职责，并改进对这些事件的调查和报告。
