Novel pyridine-2,4,6-tricarbohydrazide thiourea compounds as small key organic molecules for the potential treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus: In vitro studies against yeast α- and β-glucosidase and in silico molecular modeling.

A range of novel pyridine-2,4,6-tricarbohydrazide thiourea compounds (4a-i) were synthesized in good to excellent yields (63-92%). The enzyme inhibitory potentials of these compounds were investigated against α- and β-glucosidases because these enzymes play a crucial role in treating type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As compared to the reference compound acarbose (IC 38.22 ± 0.12 μM), compounds 4i (IC 25.49 ± 0.67 μM), 4f (IC 28.91 ± 0.43 μM), 4h (IC 30.66 ± 0.52 μM), and 4e (IC 35.01 ± 0.45 μM) delivered better inhibition against α-glucosidase and were quite inactive/completely inactive against β-glucosidase. The structure-activity relationship of these compounds was developed and elaborated with the help of molecular docking studies.