Qiu Wenhui, Shao Haiyang, Lei Penghui, Zheng Chunmiao, Qiu Cunxin, Yang Ming, Zheng Yi
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Mar;194:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.125. Epub 2017 Nov 23.
Bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) have been increasingly used as alternatives to bisphenol A (BPA) owing to health concerns. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of these two BPA analogs on oxidative stress and the immune system during zebrafish embryonic and larval development. Environmentally relevant levels of BPS and BPF exposure could increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, nitric oxide (NO) content, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and the expression of immunity-related genes in concentration dependent manners during the early developmental stages in zebrafish. At a concentration of 100 μg/L, BPS and BPF showed similar effects on the immune toxicity of zebrafish as that of BPA. Moreover, BPS and BPF induced both erα and nf-κb expression, and antagonists of estrogen receptor and NF-κB blocked the effects on immunity-related gene expression, providing evidence that the two pathways mediate the actions of BPS and BPF on fish immune response and functions. Thus we conclude that the presence of BPS and BPF in the environment, similar to BPA, may also pose risks to ecosystem and human health and cannot be widely used without limitations and precautions.
由于健康方面的担忧，双酚S（BPS）和双酚F（BPF）越来越多地被用作双酚A（BPA）的替代品。本研究旨在评估这两种双酚A类似物对斑马鱼胚胎和幼体发育过程中氧化应激和免疫系统的影响。在斑马鱼发育早期阶段，与环境相关水平的BPS和BPF暴露能够以浓度依赖的方式增加活性氧（ROS）含量、一氧化氮（NO）含量、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性以及免疫相关基因的表达。在100μg/L的浓度下，BPS和BPF对斑马鱼的免疫毒性表现出与BPA相似的作用。此外，BPS和BPF诱导了雌激素受体α（erα）和核因子κB（nf-κb）的表达，而雌激素受体拮抗剂和NF-κB拮抗剂阻断了对免疫相关基因表达的影响，这证明这两条途径介导了BPS和BPF对鱼类免疫反应和功能的作用。因此，我们得出结论，环境中BPS和BPF的存在，与BPA类似，也可能对生态系统和人类健康构成风险，在没有限制和预防措施的情况下不能广泛使用。
