Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology (UCT), Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czechia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Sep;31(43):55663-55675. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34904-4. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
Given the increasing concern about chemical exposure from textiles, our study examines the risks of dermal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol B (BPB) and bisphenol F (BPF) from conventional and recycled textiles for adults, aiming to obtain new data, assess exposure, and evaluate the impact of washing on bisphenol levels. A total of 57 textile samples (33 from recycled and 24 from conventional material) were subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-MS/MS). The BPA and BPS concentrations varied widely (BPA: < 0.050 to 625 ng/g, BPS: 0.277-2,474 ng/g). The median BPA content in recycled textiles (13.5 ng/g) was almost twice as high as that of 7.66 ng/g in conventional textiles. BPS showed a median of 1.85 ng/g in recycled textiles and 3.42 ng/g in conventional textiles, indicating a shift from BPA to BPS in manufacturing practices. Simulated laundry experiments showed an overall reduction in bisphenols concentrations after washing. The study also assessed potential health implications via dermal exposure to dry and sweat-wet textiles compared to a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.2 ng/kg bw/day for BPA set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Exposure from dry textiles remained below this threshold, while exposure from wet textiles often exceeded it, indicating an increased risk under conditions that simulate sweating or humidity. By finding the widespread presence of bisphenols in textiles, our study emphasises the importance of being aware of the potential risks associated with recycling materials as well as the benefits.
鉴于人们对纺织品中化学物质暴露的日益关注，我们的研究旨在获得新数据，评估暴露情况，并评估洗涤对双酚水平的影响，调查了成人皮肤接触双酚 A（BPA）、双酚 S（BPS）、双酚 B（BPB）和双酚 F（BPF）的风险，这些物质来自传统和回收纺织品。总共有 57 个纺织品样本（33 个来自回收材料，24 个来自传统材料）经过超声辅助提取（UAE），然后进行超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析（UHPLC-MS/MS）。BPA 和 BPS 浓度差异很大（BPA：<0.050 至 625ng/g，BPS：0.277-2474ng/g）。回收纺织品中 BPA 的中位数含量（13.5ng/g）几乎是传统纺织品 7.66ng/g 的两倍。BPS 在回收纺织品中的中位数为 1.85ng/g，在传统纺织品中为 3.42ng/g，这表明在制造实践中，BPA 已被 BPS 取代。模拟洗衣实验表明，洗涤后双酚浓度总体降低。该研究还通过比较欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）设定的 BPA 每日耐受摄入量（TDI）0.2ng/kg bw/day，评估了与皮肤接触干燥和汗湿纺织品相关的潜在健康影响。从干燥纺织品中的暴露仍低于该阈值，而从湿纺织品中的暴露经常超过该阈值，这表明在模拟出汗或湿度的条件下，风险增加。通过发现双酚在纺织品中的广泛存在，我们的研究强调了人们需要意识到与回收材料相关的潜在风险以及其益处。
