Faria Robson Xavier, Rocha Leandro Machado, Souza Eloísa Portugal Barros Silva Soares, Almeida Fernanda Borges, Fernandes Caio Pinho, Santos José Augusto Albuquerque
Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras protozooses, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, LTPN, Departamento e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF Rua: Mario Viana, 523, CEP: 24241-000, Santa Rosa, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2018 Feb;178:163-168. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.11.012. Epub 2017 Dec 2.
Schistosomiasis is promoted for species from Schistosoma genus affecting over 200 million people worldwide. Molluscicides are an efficient method to control this disease, being able to reduce intermediate host snail Biomphalaria glabrata number. In function of resistance cases using niclosamide, natural products are promisors to discover new drugs. Manilkara subsericea is endemic to Brazilian sandbanks of Rio de Janeiro State and wide ranges of biological activities. However, there is no studies evaluating its effects as molluscicidal agent. We tested crude extract from leaves of M. subsericea molluscicidal action, as well it ethyl-acetate fraction and isolated substances against B. glabrata. M. subsericea leaves crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction induced 80±4.13% and 86.66±4.59% mortality of adult snails at concentrations of 250ppm after 96h, and their LD values were 118.7±1.62 and 23.41±1.15ppm respectively. Isolated substances from M. subsericea were also considered active. Quercetin, myricetin and ursolic acid, at concentration of 100ppm (96h), were able to induce mortality levels of 100%, 80% and 53.33%, respectively. Our results suggest that M. subsericea can be considered promising as a molluscicide agent.
血吸虫病在全球影响着超过2亿人，由血吸虫属的物种引发。杀螺剂是控制这种疾病的有效方法，能够减少中间宿主光滑双脐螺的数量。由于使用氯硝柳胺出现了抗药性情况，天然产物有望用于发现新药。小叶铁线子原产于巴西里约热内卢州的沙洲，具有广泛的生物活性。然而，尚无研究评估其作为杀螺剂的效果。我们测试了小叶铁线子叶的粗提物、乙酸乙酯馏分以及分离出的物质对光滑双脐螺的杀螺作用。小叶铁线子叶粗提物和乙酸乙酯馏分在浓度为250ppm时，96小时后对成年螺的致死率分别为80±4.13%和86.66±4.59%，其半数致死浓度分别为118.7±1.62ppm和23.41±1.15ppm。从小叶铁线子中分离出的物质也被认为具有活性。槲皮素、杨梅素和熊果酸在浓度为100ppm（96小时）时，致死率分别能够达到100%、80%和53.33%。我们的结果表明，小叶铁线子有望成为一种杀螺剂。
