Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universitária, n 1235, Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil.
Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universitária, n 1235, Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 5;27(15):4993. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154993.
snails constitute the main vector of schistosomiasis in Brazil, and Kurz, the leaves of which contain BmoLL lectin with biocidal action, is a plant widely found on continents in which the disease is endemic. This work describes the composition of preparations and the effect on embryos and adult snails, their reproduction parameters and hemocytes. We also describe the results of a comet assay after exposure to sublethal concentrations of the preparations. Additionally, the effects of the preparations on cercariae and environmental monitoring with are described. In the chemical evaluation, cinnamic, flavonoid and saponin derivatives were detected in the two preparations assessed, namely the saline extract and the fraction. Both preparations were toxic to embryos in the blastula, gastrula, trochophore, veliger and hippo stages (LC of 0.042 and 0.0478; 0.0417 and 0.0419; 0.0897 and 0.1582; 0.3734 and 0.0974; 0.397 and 0.0970 mg/mL, respectively) and to adult snails (LC of 6.6 and 0.87 mg/mL, respectively), which were reproductively affected with decreased egg deposition. In blood cell analysis, characteristic cells for apoptosis, micronucleus and binucleation were detected, while for comet analysis, different degrees of nuclear damage were detected. The fraction was able to cause total mortality of the cercariae and did not present environmental toxicity. Therefore, preparations are promising in combating schistosomiasis since they can control both the intermediate host and eliminate the infectious agent, besides being safe to the environment.
蜗牛是巴西血吸虫病的主要传播媒介，而 Kurz 的叶子中含有具有杀菌作用的 BmoLL 凝集素，这种植物在疾病流行的大陆上广泛存在。这项工作描述了制剂的组成以及对胚胎和成年蜗牛、它们的繁殖参数和血细胞的影响。我们还描述了暴露于亚致死浓度制剂后彗星试验的结果。此外，还描述了制剂对尾蚴的影响以及使用的环境监测。在化学评价中，在评估的两种制剂即盐水提取物和馏分中检测到肉桂酸、类黄酮和皂苷衍生物。两种制剂对囊胚、原肠胚、毛蚴、面盘幼虫和幼体阶段的胚胎均有毒性（LC 分别为 0.042 和 0.0478；0.0417 和 0.0419；0.0897 和 0.1582；0.3734 和 0.0974；0.397 和 0.0970 mg/mL），对成年蜗牛也有毒性（LC 分别为 6.6 和 0.87 mg/mL），这两种制剂的生殖能力受到影响，产卵量减少。在血细胞分析中，检测到了凋亡、微核和双核的特征细胞，而在彗星分析中，检测到了不同程度的核损伤。馏分能够导致尾蚴的全部死亡，并且没有表现出环境毒性。因此，制剂在防治血吸虫病方面具有很大的前景，因为它们既能控制中间宿主，又能消除感染源，而且对环境安全。
