关于月壤模拟物致大鼠肺急性损伤的研究。

Research on rat's pulmonary acute injury induced by lunar soil simulant.

机构信息

Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China; State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.

State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.

出版信息

J Chin Med Assoc. 2018 Feb;81(2):133-140. doi: 10.1016/j.jcma.2016.10.016. Epub 2017 Dec 1.

DOI:10.1016/j.jcma.2016.10.016

PMID:29198554

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The steps to the moon never stopped after the Apollo Project. Lessons from manned landings on the moon have shown that lunar dust has great influence on the health of astronauts. In this paper, comparative studies between the lunar soil simulant (LSS) and PM2.5 were performed to discover their harm to human biological systems and explore the methods of prevention and treatment of dust poisoning for future lunar manned landings.

METHODS

Rats were randomly divided into the control group, two CAS-1 lunar soil simulant groups (tracheal perfusion with 7 mg and 0.7 mg, respectively, in a 1-mL volume) and the PM2.5 group (tracheal perfusion with 0.7 mg in a 1-mL volume). The biochemical indicators in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), MPO activity in the lung tissue, pathologic changes, and inflammatory cells in the BALF were measured after 4 h and 24 h.

RESULTS

The LSS group showed cytotoxicity that was closely related to the concentration. The figures of the two LSS groups (4 and 24 h) show that the alveolar septa were thickened. Additionally, it was observed that neutrophils had infiltrated, and various levels of inflammation occurred around the vascular and bronchial structures.

CONCLUSION

The overall results of the acute effects of the lungs caused by dust showed that the lung toxicity of LSS was greater than that of PM2.5. LSS could induce lung damage and inflammatory lesions. The biomarkers in BALF caused by acute injury were consistent with histopathologic observations.

摘要

背景

阿波罗计划之后，人类迈向月球的脚步从未停止。载人登月的经验表明，月球尘埃对宇航员的健康有很大影响。本文对月球土壤模拟物（LSS）和 PM2.5 进行了对比研究，旨在发现它们对人类生物系统的危害，并为未来的载人登月探索尘毒的防治方法。

方法

将大鼠随机分为对照组、2 个 CAS-1 月球土壤模拟物组（气管内灌注分别为 7mg 和 0.7mg，体积为 1mL）和 PM2.5 组（气管内灌注 0.7mg，体积为 1mL）。4h 和 24h 后，测量支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中的生化指标、肺组织 MPO 活性、病理变化以及 BALF 中的炎性细胞。