Hapunda Given, Abubakar Amina, Pouwer Frans, van de Vijver Fons
Department of Psychology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Department of Culture Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Diabetes Metab J. 2017 Dec;41(6):440-448. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2017.41.6.440. Epub 2017 Nov 17.
Depression is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and mortality among individuals living with diabetes, and impaired self-care behaviors may play a mediating role. In Africa, this association is not very well known. In this study, we examined the associations between depressive symptoms and different aspects of diabetes self-care in Zambian individuals with diabetes mellitus.
A total of 157 individuals with diabetes mellitus participated. The sample was drawn from four city hospitals in Zambia. Diabetes self-care was assessed using the diabetes self-care inventory, and depression was assessed using the major depression inventory.
Fifty-nine percent of the sample had type 1 diabetes mellitus. Variations in self-care activities and behaviors were reported as least adhered to by individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in adolescent and adult patients. Regression analysis indicated that there was no association between total diabetes self-care and the depression total score. However, depression was associated with poor glucose testing and not eating meals on time by patients with diabetes.
Some variance on poor self-care was explained by demographic characteristics, specifically age, body mass index, and to some extent, socioeconomic status. Recognition and successful treatment of depression in patients with diabetes might help to optimize self-care behaviors, especially glucose testing and eating meals on time. However, this hypothesis needs further testing.
抑郁症是糖尿病患者心血管疾病和死亡的既定风险因素，自我护理行为受损可能起中介作用。在非洲，这种关联不太为人所知。在本研究中，我们调查了赞比亚糖尿病患者抑郁症状与糖尿病自我护理不同方面之间的关联。
共有157名糖尿病患者参与。样本来自赞比亚的四家城市医院。使用糖尿病自我护理量表评估糖尿病自我护理情况，使用重度抑郁量表评估抑郁情况。
59%的样本患有1型糖尿病。据报告，1型和2型糖尿病患者、青少年和成年患者在自我护理活动和行为方面的差异是最不遵守的。回归分析表明，糖尿病自我护理总分与抑郁总分之间没有关联。然而，抑郁与糖尿病患者血糖检测不佳和不按时进餐有关。
自我护理不佳的一些差异可由人口统计学特征解释，特别是年龄、体重指数，以及在一定程度上的社会经济地位。识别并成功治疗糖尿病患者的抑郁症可能有助于优化自我护理行为，尤其是血糖检测和按时进餐。然而，这一假设需要进一步验证。
