Shinohara Hiroshi, Urabe Yukio
Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, Takarazuka, Japan -
Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Dec;58(12):1752-1758. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07826-4. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
A series of archery shooting movements requires strong activity of muscles attached to the shoulder girdle and upper extremity. It is unclear which muscles influence archery competition scores. This study aimed to compare muscle activity of the shoulder girdle and upper extremity during shooting movements and to analyze the muscles influencing in archery skill improvement.
Thirty male archers, who were divided into three groups based on skill level (elite, pre-elite, and beginner), were included in this study. The angle of shoulder joint abduction, horizontal extension, and elbow joint flexion, as well as the electromyographic activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius, deltoid middle, deltoid posterior, biceps brachii, and triceps brachii muscles at the point of stabilization during shooting, were measured.
In the elite group, the activity of the lower trapezius muscle was significantly higher (P<0.05), while that of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles were significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to the pre-elite and beginner groups.
The lower trapezius muscle of the draw arm is actively involved in scapular fixation during shooting. Therefore, in order to improve the archery competition score, training focused on the lower trapezius muscle is necessary.
一系列射箭动作需要附着在肩胛带和上肢的肌肉进行高强度活动。目前尚不清楚哪些肌肉会影响射箭比赛成绩。本研究旨在比较射箭动作过程中肩胛带和上肢的肌肉活动，并分析对提高射箭技能有影响的肌肉。
本研究纳入了30名男性射箭运动员，他们根据技能水平分为三组（精英组、准精英组和初学者组）。测量了肩关节外展、水平伸展角度以及肘关节屈曲角度，同时还测量了射箭过程中稳定点处斜方肌上束、斜方肌下束、三角肌中束、三角肌后束、肱二头肌和肱三头肌的肌电活动。
与准精英组和初学者组相比，精英组斜方肌下束的活动显著更高（P<0.05），而肱二头肌和肱三头肌的活动显著更低（P<0.05）。
拉弓手臂的斜方肌下束在射箭过程中积极参与肩胛骨固定。因此，为了提高射箭比赛成绩，有必要针对斜方肌下束进行训练。
