Northumbria University, Department of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
North-West University Potchefstroom, Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2024 Dec;21(1):2345358. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2345358. Epub 2024 May 6.
Nutritional intake and sleep, play an important role for recovery and performance in elite sport but little work has been undertaken in archery. The present study aimed to assess energy intake (EI), hydration status, and sleep parameters in world-class male archers over the course of a four-day competition.
Results, Conclusions Six male, elite-standard archers participated in the study and measurements of hydration status, EI, competition load, and sleep were recorded throughout each day of competition.
Daily energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake ranged between 2,563 and 3,986 kcal, 4 and 7.1 g/kg BM, 2.2 and 3.6 g/kg BM per day, respectively. Thus, archers practiced elements of periodized nutrition such that energy and carbohydrate intake was greater on the high-volume competition days (i.e. days 1 and 3; more numbers of arrows, longer duration, and walking distance) in comparison to low-volume days (days 2 and 4) over the tournament (all > 0.01). Additionally, urine specific gravity was higher after waking, compared to pre- and post-competition, and before bed (all < 0.05). This indicates that archers were euhydrated pre- and post-competition and before bedtime, while they were slightly hypohydrated after waking up. Sleep data show that disturbances were kept to a minimum.
Collectively, archers appear capable of periodizing their nutritional intake according to daily physical loading during a tournament whilst, staying euhydrated and maintaining sleep quality. In part, such data can help to explain why these archers experience a sustained level of success.
营养摄入和睡眠对精英运动员的恢复和表现起着重要作用，但在射箭运动中，这方面的研究很少。本研究旨在评估世界级男射箭运动员在为期四天的比赛中能量摄入、水合状态和睡眠参数。
结果，结论六名精英级射箭运动员参与了研究，在比赛的每一天都记录了水合状态、能量摄入、比赛负荷和睡眠的测量值。
每日能量、碳水化合物和蛋白质摄入量分别在 2563 至 3986 千卡、4 至 7.1 克/公斤体重和 2.2 至 3.6 克/公斤体重之间。因此，运动员采用了阶段性营养的方法，在高负荷比赛日（即第 1 天和第 3 天；射出的箭更多，持续时间更长，行走距离更长），能量和碳水化合物的摄入量比低负荷比赛日（第 2 天和第 4 天）更大（所有 P<0.01）。此外，与比赛前和比赛后相比，运动员醒来后的尿液比重更高，睡前更低（所有 P<0.05）。这表明运动员在比赛前和比赛后以及睡前都处于水合状态，而醒来后则略呈脱水状态。睡眠数据表明，运动员的睡眠受到的干扰最小。
总体而言，运动员似乎能够根据比赛日的日常体力负荷来调整营养摄入，同时保持水合状态和睡眠质量。部分原因是，这些数据可以帮助解释为什么这些运动员能够持续取得成功。
