Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , 75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018 Jan 24;10(3):2407-2413. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b13788. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
3D microbatteries (3D-MBs) impose new demands for the selection, fabrication, and compatibility of the different battery components. Herein, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) have been implemented in 3D-MB systems. 3D electrodes of two different architectures, LiFePO-coated carbon foams and CuO-coated Cu nanopillars, have been coated with SPEs and used in Li cells. Functionalized PTMC with hydroxyl end groups was found to enable uniform and well-covering coatings on LiFePO-coated carbon foams, which was difficult to achieve for nonfunctionalized polymers, but the cell cycling performance was limited. By employing a SPE prepared from a copolymer of TMC and caprolactone (CL), with higher ionic conductivity, Li cells composed of CuO-coated Cu nanopillars were constructed and tested both at ambient temperature and 60 °C. The footprint areal capacity of the cells was ca. 0.02 mAh cm for an area gain factor (AF) of 2.5, and 0.2 mAh cm for a relatively dense nanopillar-array (AF = 25) at a current density of 0.008 mA cm under ambient temperature (22 ± 1 °C). These results provide new routes toward the realization of all-solid-state 3D-MBs.
3D 微电池（3D-MBs）对不同电池组件的选择、制造和兼容性提出了新的要求。本文在 3D-MB 系统中采用了基于聚（碳酸亚丙酯）（PTMC）的固体聚合物电解质（SPE）。两种不同结构的 3D 电极，LiFePO4 涂覆碳泡沫和 CuO 涂覆 Cu 纳米柱，已用 SPE 进行了涂覆，并用于 Li 电池中。具有羟基端基的功能化 PTMC 被发现能够在 LiFePO4 涂覆的碳泡沫上实现均匀且良好的覆盖涂层，这对于非功能化聚合物来说很难实现，但电池循环性能受到限制。通过使用 TMC 和己内酯（CL）的共聚物制备的 SPE，具有更高的离子电导率，构建并测试了由 CuO 涂覆的 Cu 纳米柱组成的 Li 电池，分别在环境温度和 60°C 下进行。在环境温度（22 ± 1°C）下，电流密度为 0.008 mA cm 时，对于面积增益因子（AF）为 2.5 的电池，其足迹面积容量约为 0.02 mAh cm，对于相对密集的纳米柱阵列（AF = 25），其容量约为 0.2 mAh cm。这些结果为实现全固态 3D-MBs 提供了新的途径。
