Brelsford Dan, Knutzen Elise, Neher Jon O, Safranek Sarah
University of Washington at Valley Family Medicine Residency, Renton, WA, USA.
J Fam Pract. 2017 Dec;66(12):E12-E14.
It's unclear whether educational initiatives alone alter vaccine refusal. Although about a third of parents cite herd immunity as motivation for vaccination, its efficacy in addressing vaccine hesitancy isn't clear. Multifaceted interventions (encompassing improved access to vaccines, immunization mandates, and patient education) may produce a ≥25% increase in vaccine uptake in groups with vaccine hesitancy and low utilization. Correcting false information about influenza vaccination improves perceptions about the vaccine, but may decrease intention to vaccinate in parents who already have strong concerns about safety. Discussions about vaccines that are more paternalistic (presumptive rather than participatory) are associated with higher vaccination rates, but lower visit satisfaction. Providers should thoroughly address patient concerns about safety and encourage vaccine use.
仅靠教育举措是否能改变疫苗接种拒绝行为尚不清楚。尽管约三分之一的家长将群体免疫作为接种疫苗的动机，但其在解决疫苗犹豫问题上的效果尚不清楚。多方面干预措施（包括改善疫苗可及性、免疫接种强制要求和患者教育）可能会使有疫苗犹豫和低接种率的群体的疫苗接种率提高≥25%。纠正有关流感疫苗接种的错误信息可改善对该疫苗的认知，但可能会降低那些已经对安全性深感担忧的家长的接种意愿。更多家长式的（推定而非参与式的）疫苗讨论与更高的接种率相关，但就诊满意度较低。医疗服务提供者应彻底解决患者对安全性的担忧，并鼓励使用疫苗。
